TOEFL Speaking Task 4 Sample: Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two ways in which human activity has affected animal evolution.

1.子项得分

• 交付 (Delivery): 3

• 语言使用 (Language Use): 3

• 主题发展 (Topic Development): 3

2.预估分数

• 总分: 23

3.表达 从交付方面来看，您的回答相对清晰，但在某些地方可能需要改进。为了提高您的发音，请注意在句子中适当地暂停以及正确发音单词。此外，尝试保持一致的语速，以使您的回答更流畅。

4.话题发展 从主题发展方面来看，您的回答基本上是连贯和组织良好的。您成功地使用了讲座中的两个例子来解释人类活动如何影响动物进化。然而，为了使您的回答更加完整和有说服力，您可以尝试在描述这些例子时提供更多细节。例如，在谈到鱼类时，您可以提到人类捕捞大型鱼类导致小型鱼类繁殖的具体过程。总之，请确保充分利用讲座中提供的信息来支持您的观点。

5.语言使用

原文：So the professor discussed about how human activity affects animal evolutions. The professor discussed how human activity affects animal evolution.（删除了多余的“about”，将“evolutions”改为单数形式“evolution”。）

The first changes caused by human activities is that animals tend to have smaller bodies because it's likely to be the food source of humans and to increase the survival rate. The first change caused by human activities is that animals tend to have smaller bodies because they are less likely to be used as a food source for humans, thus increasing their survival rate.（将“changes”改为单数形式“change”，将“is”改为“is”，调整了句子结构以使其更自然。）

For example, some fish, because people only catch larger fish for food, and some species mate with smaller fish and reproduce, so that some species are much smaller than before. For example, in some fish species, people tend to catch larger fish for food, leaving the smaller ones to mate and reproduce, resulting in these species becoming smaller over time.（调整了句子结构以使其更自然。）

And the second effect is that the larger brains animals tend to learn how to live in different habitats. The second effect is that animals with larger brains tend to adapt better to different habitats.（调整了句子结构以使其更自然。）

For example, mice used to live in forests and rural areas, and since human activity changed their habitats, bigger brain mice tend to find food in the city. For example, mice used to live in forests and rural areas, but due to human activity changing their habitats, mice with larger brains are better at finding food in urban environments.（调整了句子结构以使其更自然。）

修订后的回答（140字）：

The professor discussed how human activity affects animal evolution. The first change caused by human activities is that animals tend to have smaller bodies because they are less likely to be used as a food source for humans, thus increasing their survival rate. For example, in some fish species, people tend to catch larger fish for food, leaving the smaller ones to mate and reproduce, resulting in these species becoming smaller over time. The second effect is that animals with larger brains tend to adapt better to different habitats. For example, mice used to live in forests and rural areas, but due to human activity changing their habitats, mice with larger brains are better at finding food in urban environments.

6.思维导图

- Animal Evolution
  - Human Activity
    - Smaller Bodies
      - Less likely to be used as food
      - Increased survival rate
      - Example: Fish species
    - Larger Brains
      - Adapt better to different habitats
      - Example: Mice in urban environments

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位考生的回答基本上是清晰的，语速适中，偶尔有停顿。但在某些地方，他们的表达可能会更加流畅。例如，在 "So they grow more smaller and pathogenic to their generations." 这句话中，可以改为 "So they grow smaller and pass their genes to their generations." 另外，在发音方面，需要注意一些单词的准确发音，以避免拼写错误。建议多加练习，提高发音准确度。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，考生的回答基本上是连贯和有组织的，并且在回答中提供了足够的支持和例子。然而，在描述动物体型变小和大脑变大这两个方面时，可以更详细地解释这些变化是如何受到人类活动影响的。例如，在谈到鱼类体型变小时，可以强调过度捕捞导致较大鱼类数量减少，从而使得较小鱼类得以繁衍。在描述动物大脑变大时，可以解释人类活动如何改变了动物的生活环境，迫使它们适应新的环境。总之，尽管回答基本上是合格的，但在某些方面还有改进的空间。

5.语言使用

Original: lecture, the professor explains two ways in which human activity has affected animal evolution. First is that animals are informed to have smaller bodies. People have preferred to have large animals for food. So they grow more smaller and pathogenic to their generations. Take the fish for example. People like larger fish for meat. So as time goes by, the smaller fish remains and now the fish are smaller than in the past. Second, some animals involve the larger brains to get adapted to the unfamiliar environment. Take the mice for example.

Corrected: In the lecture, the professor explains two ways in which human activity has affected animal evolution. First, animals have evolved to have smaller bodies. People prefer larger animals for food, so smaller animals are more likely to survive and pass their genes on to their generations. Take fish as an example; people prefer larger fish for meat, so over time, smaller fish remain and now fish are smaller than in the past. Second, some animals have developed larger brains to adapt to unfamiliar environments. Take mice as an example. (将句子结构、词汇和语法进行了修正，使表达更自然流畅。)

Revised (140 words): In the lecture, the professor explains two ways in which human activity has affected animal evolution. First, animals have evolved to have smaller bodies due to humans preferring larger animals for food sources. This preference leads to smaller animals being more likely to survive and pass their genes on to future generations. An example of this can be seen in fish populations; people prefer larger fish for meat consumption, so over time, smaller fish remain and reproduce, resulting in overall smaller fish sizes compared to the past. Second, some animals have developed larger brains to adapt to unfamiliar environments caused by human activities. Mice, for example, used to live in forests and rural areas but had to adapt to urban environments when humans built cities. Mice with larger brains were better at finding food and shelter in these new habitats, leading to their survival and reproduction.

6.思维导图

- Animal Evolution
  - Human Activity
    - Smaller Bodies
      - Larger animals preferred for food
      - Example: Fish
    - Larger Brains
      - Adapt to unfamiliar environments
      - Example: Mice

7.关键词