TOEFL Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain how the professor's lecture illustrates the concept of a conservation-reliant species.

1.子项得分

• 交付（Delivery）：3

• 语言使用（Language Use）：3

• 话题发展（Topic Development）：3

2.预估分数

• 总分：23

3.表达 回答中的发音大部分清晰，但在某些地方可能需要稍作改进。建议练习更流畅、自然的语音表达，以便在考试中更好地展示自己的英语水平。此外，注意在适当的地方停顿，以便让听众更好地理解你的观点。

4.话题发展 回答内容基本上是连贯和有条理的，但可以进一步优化。建议在描述保护区和围栏设施方面提供更多细节，以便更好地说明这些措施如何帮助鸟类生存。同时，在提到成本问题时，可以给出具体的数字或例子，以增强说服力。总之，在准备托福口语考试时，要确保充分利用时间来组织和阐述观点，并提供充足的支持和例证。

5.语言使用

Original: Conservation-reliant species refers to animals whose survival relies on the conservation of people to their habitats. Stop of these conservation can lead to extinction of these animals. The professor give an example of bird species struggling for survival in the forest of Hawaii. Due to the introducing of domestic pigs and goats and their escaping to the forest, the vegetation environment of these birds living in has been destroyed greatly. In that case, people started their preservation of these birds by setting specific areas that keep the pigs and goats outside. This is very effective in some area but also very expensive due to the high cost of establishing equipments and repairments. However, if these efforts were stopped, then these kind of birds are likely to extinct.

Corrected: Conservation-reliant species Conservation-dependent species (用词更准确) refers to animals whose survival relies on the conservation of people human conservation efforts (表达更自然) to their habitats. Stop of these conservation Discontinuation of these efforts (语法更准确) can lead to extinction of these animals. The professor give gives (动词形式错误) an example of bird species struggling for survival in the forest of Hawaii in Hawaii(表达更自然). Due to the introducing introduction (词形错误) of domestic pigs and goats and their escaping to the forest, the vegetation environment of these birds living in has been destroyed greatly severely damaged (表达更自然). In that case, people started their preservation conservation (用词更准确) of these birds by setting specific areas that keep the pigs and goats outside. This is very effective in some area areas (单复数错误) but also very expensive due to the high cost of establishing equipments and repairments equipment and repairs(词形错误). However, if these efforts were stopped, then these kind of birds are likely to extinct. of birds would likely become extinct.(语法更准确)

Revised (140 words): Conservation-dependent species refers to animals whose survival relies on human conservation efforts to their habitats. Discontinuation of these efforts can lead to the extinction of these animals. The professor gives an example of bird species struggling for survival in the forests in Hawaii. Due to the introduction of domestic pigs and goats and their escape into the forest, the vegetation environment that these birds live in has been severely damaged. To address this issue, people started conserving these birds by establishing specific areas that keep the pigs and goats out. This approach has been very effective in some areas but also very expensive due to the high cost of setting up equipment and repairs. However, if these efforts were discontinued, these kinds of birds would likely become extinct.

6.思维导图

- Conservation-dependent species
  - Definition
  - Human conservation efforts

- Example: Hawaii's forests
  - Bird species struggling for survival
  - Introduction of domestic pigs and goats
  - Damage to vegetation environment

- Conservation efforts
  - Establishing specific areas
  - Effectiveness and cost

- Potential extinction
  - If efforts discontinued

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，回答内容基本清晰，但有些地方需要改进。例如，可以尝试提高语速和减少不必要的停顿。此外，注意正确发音单词，以避免拼写错误。建议多加练习，提高口语表达能力。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的。但是，在解释教授讲座中保护依赖物种的概念时，可以更详细地描述野猪和山羊如何破坏鸟类栖息地以及保护措施如何帮助这些鸟类生存。此外，可以强调这些鸟类在没有人类干预的情况下很难生存。建议在练习时关注提供更充分的支持和例子来丰富回答内容。

5.语言使用

Conservation-reliant species means a type of species which depends on human's conservation efforts for survival. Conservation-reliant species refer to those that depend on human conservation efforts for their survival. (修改了句子结构，使其更自然) And in the professor's example, he says that there are a lot of bird species that are struggle for survival and close to extinct, and they need to eat mass amount of vegetation for survival. In the professor's example, he mentions numerous bird species struggling to survive and being on the verge of extinction, requiring a large amount of vegetation for sustenance. (修改了句子结构，词汇和语法，使其更自然) Therefore, conservationists keep wilds out from the forests and build fences around the forests and keep repairing them, which undoubtedly is quite expensive. As a result, conservationists exclude wild animals from the forests by building and maintaining fences around them, which is undoubtedly costly. (修改了句子结构，词汇和语法，使其更自然) However, if the conservationists stop the program, it's really difficult for these bird species to survive without human's effort. Nonetheless, if conservationists cease their efforts, it would be extremely challenging for these bird species to survive without human intervention. (修改了句子结构，词汇和语法，使其更自然)

Revised Answer (140 words):

Conservation-reliant species refer to those that depend on human conservation efforts for their survival. In the professor's example, he mentions numerous bird species struggling to survive and being on the verge of extinction in Hawaii's forests, requiring a large amount of vegetation for sustenance. The introduction of domesticated pigs and goats, which escaped into the forests and destroyed the birds' habitat by consuming massive amounts of vegetation, exacerbated the situation. As a result, conservationists exclude wild animals from the forests by building and maintaining fences around them, which is undoubtedly costly. These efforts have proven effective in some areas, but they require continuous financial support. Nonetheless, if conservationists cease their efforts, it would be extremely challenging for these bird species to survive without human intervention.

6.思维导图

- Conservation-reliant species
  - Depend on human conservation efforts

- Professor's example
  - Bird species in Hawaii's forests
    - Struggling to survive
    - On the verge of extinction
  - Pigs and goats
    - Destroying bird habitat
    - Consuming vegetation

- Conservation efforts
  - Building and maintaining fences
  - Costly but effective

- Challenges
  - Continuous financial support needed
  - Difficulty in survival without human intervention

7.关键词

1.子项得分

Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

Estimated Score: 23

3.表达

在表达方面，发言者的语言流利，语速适中，但偶尔有停顿。为了提高发言质量，建议发言者注意以下几点：1) 在适当的地方加入适当的停顿，以便让听众更好地理解内容；2) 注意发音准确性，避免因发音不准确而导致的拼写错误。通过改进这些方面，发言者可以使表达更加清晰流畅。

4.话题发展

The speaker provides a coherent and well-organized response, with clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples from the lecture. However, there is room for improvement in topic development. The speaker could have elaborated more on the specific challenges faced by the bird species and the conservation efforts undertaken to protect them. Additionally, the speaker could have emphasized the importance of human intervention in maintaining the habitat for these conservation-reliant species. By incorporating these points, the speaker's response would be more comprehensive and better aligned with the lecture content.

5.语言使用

Original Answer: In the lecture, the professor uses the example of bird species to illustrate the concept of a conservation-reliant species. In the lecture, the professor illustrates the concept of conservation-reliant species using the example of bird species. (调整了句子结构，使表达更自然) For instance, in a forest, many bird species are close to extinct because of the introduction of domesticated goats and pigs, which destroyed the forest where bird species live. For instance, in a forest, many bird species are on the verge of extinction due to the introduction of domesticated goats and pigs that have destroyed their habitat. (使用了更高级的词汇和更准确的表达) To give them a chance to recover, the conservationists build fences to keep goats and pigs out. To aid their recovery, conservationists construct fences to exclude goats and pigs. (使用了更高级的词汇和更准确的表达) As a result, in some areas, those fences are quite effective, however, they are very expensive because they cost a lot to build and repair when they break down. Consequently, in some areas, these fences prove effective; however, they are costly due to construction and maintenance expenses. (使用了更高级的词汇和更准确的表达) The conservationists also find out, if they stop building and repairing those fences, it will be difficult for the bird species to survive. Conservationists also discover that if they cease constructing and maintaining these fences, the bird species' survival becomes challenging. (使用了更高级的词汇和更准确的表达)

Revised Answer (140 words):

In the lecture, the professor illustrates the concept of conservation-reliant species using the example of bird species. For instance, in a forest, many bird species are on the verge of extinction due to the introduction of domesticated goats and pigs that have destroyed their habitat. To aid their recovery, conservationists construct fences to exclude goats and pigs. Consequently, in some areas, these fences prove effective; however, they are costly due to construction and maintenance expenses. Conservationists also discover that if they cease constructing and maintaining these fences, the bird species' survival becomes challenging. By emphasizing the importance of human intervention in preserving habitats for conservation-reliant species and elaborating on specific challenges faced by these birds, the speaker's response can achieve a higher score and better align with the lecture content.

6.思维导图

- Conservation-reliant species
  - Example: Bird species in Hawaii
    - Threat: Domesticated goats and pigs
      - Habitat destruction
  - Conservation efforts
    - Fences to exclude goats and pigs
      - Effectiveness in some areas
      - Costly construction and maintenance
  - Importance of human intervention
    - Continuous efforts for species survival

7.关键词

1.子项得分

Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，回答内容较为清晰，但在某些地方可能需要稍作调整。建议练习更流利、自然的发音和语调，以便在考试中更好地展示自己的英语水平。同时，注意在适当的地方停顿，以增强语言的连贯性。

4.话题发展

从话题发展方面来看，回答内容基本上符合要求，但可以进一步完善。首先，在引入教授讲座例子之前，可以简要介绍一下保护依赖物种的概念。其次，在描述夏威夷森林中鸟类的保护措施时，可以提供更多具体细节和例子，以增强论证的说服力。最后，在总结部分，可以强调人类保护行动对这些物种生存的重要性，并指出如果保护措施停止，这些物种可能会面临灭绝的危险。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Conservation-reliant species refer to animals whose survival depends on human conservation effort of their habitats. Conservation-reliant species are animals that depend on human conservation efforts to protect their habitats for survival. (保护依赖物种是指依赖人类保护行动来保护其栖息地以生存的动物。) If these efforts are discontinued, it may result in the extinction of these animals. If these efforts cease, these animals may face extinction. (如果这些努力停止，这些动物可能会面临灭绝。)

The professor gives an example of the bird species struggling to survive in Hawaiian forests. Owing to the introduction of domestic pigs and goats and their subsequent escape into the forest, the living environment of these birds has been significantly damaged. As a result, people initiated a conservation effort to these bird species by designating protected areas and excluding pigs and goats. This strategy is highly effective but also very costly as it requires significant investment into the equipment installation and maintenance. However, if these efforts were to cease, the birds might face extinction.

Revised Answer (140 words):

Conservation-reliant species are animals that depend on human conservation efforts to protect their habitats for survival. If these efforts cease, these animals may face extinction. The professor illustrates this concept with an example of bird species in Hawaiian forests struggling to survive due to the introduction of domestic pigs and goats. These animals have escaped into the forest, causing significant damage to the birds' habitat. To address this issue, people initiated conservation efforts by designating protected areas and excluding pigs and goats from these regions. This strategy has proven effective but is also costly, requiring significant investment in equipment installation and maintenance. If these conservation efforts were to cease, the bird species might face extinction, highlighting the importance of continued human intervention for the survival of conservation-reliant species.

6.思维导图

• Conservation-reliant species

  • Definition
  • Dependence on human efforts
  • Risk of extinction

• Professor's example

  • Hawaiian forests
  • Bird species
  • Introduction of pigs and goats
  • Habitat destruction

• Conservation efforts

  • Designating protected areas
  • Excluding pigs and goats
  • Effectiveness and cost
  • Importance of continued intervention

7.关键词

1.子项得分

• 交付 (Delivery): 3

• 语言使用 (Language Use): 3

• 话题发展 (Topic Development): 3

2.预估分数

• 总分: 23

3.表达 回答中的语言表达较为清晰，但仍有部分地方可以改进。建议在发音和语速方面加强练习，以便更流畅地表达观点。同时，注意在适当的地方停顿，以便让听众更好地理解所表达的内容。

4.话题发展 回答内容基本上涵盖了阅读和听力材料中的关键信息，并对保护依赖物种的概念进行了解释。但在组织结构和连接思路方面还有待加强。建议在回答时尝试使用更多的过渡词汇，如“首先”、“其次”、“因此”等，以使回答更加连贯。同时，在提供支持或举例时，可以尝试提供更具体的信息，以增强说服力。

5.语言使用

Original: Conservation-reliant species refers to animals whose survival depends on human conservation efforts to their habitats. Conservation-reliant species are animals that depend on human conservation efforts for their survival in specific habitats. (保护依赖物种是指依赖人类保护努力在特定生境中生存的动物。)

Discontinuation of these efforts can lead to extinction of these animals. If these efforts are discontinued, it may result in the extinction of these animals. (如果停止这些努力，可能导致这些动物的灭绝。)

The professor gives an example of bird species struggling for survival in the forest in Hawaii. The professor cites an example of bird species struggling to survive in Hawaiian forests. (教授举了夏威夷森林中鸟类努力生存的例子。)

Due to the introduction of domestic pigs and goats into Hawaii and their escaping into the forest, the vegetation environment of the birds living in has been destroyed significantly. Owing to the introduction of domestic pigs and goats in Hawaii and their subsequent escape into the forests, the birds' habitat has been significantly damaged. (由于家猪和家山羊被引入夏威夷并逃入森林，鸟类的栖息地受到了严重破坏。)

Therefore, people started their conservation of the bird species by setting specific areas and keep the pigs and goats out. As a result, people initiated conservation efforts for these bird species by designating protected areas and excluding pigs and goats. (因此，人们通过划定保护区并排除猪和山羊来保护这些鸟类。)

This strategy is very effective but also expensive due to the high cost of establishing equipments and repairs. This strategy is highly effective but also costly, as it requires significant investment in equipment installation and maintenance. (这种策略非常有效，但由于设备安装和维护成本高昂，也很昂贵。)

However, if these efforts were stopped, then the birds can become extinct. Nonetheless, if these efforts were to cease, the birds could face extinction. (然而，如果这些努力停止，鸟类可能面临灭绝。)

Revised Answer (140 words):

Conservation-reliant species are animals that depend on human conservation efforts for their survival in specific habitats. If these efforts are discontinued, it may result in the extinction of these animals. The professor cites an example of bird species struggling to survive in Hawaiian forests. Owing to the introduction of domestic pigs and goats in Hawaii and their subsequent escape into the forests, the birds' habitat has been significantly damaged. As a result, people initiated conservation efforts for these bird species by designating protected areas and excluding pigs and goats. This strategy is highly effective but also costly, as it requires significant investment in equipment installation and maintenance. Nonetheless, if these efforts were to cease, the birds could face extinction.

6.思维导图

• Conservation-reliant species

  • Definition
  • Dependency on human efforts

• Example: Hawaiian forests

  • Bird species struggling to survive
  • Introduction of pigs and goats
  • Habitat destruction

• Conservation efforts

  • Designating protected areas
  • Excluding pigs and goats
  • Effectiveness and cost

• Potential extinction

  • If efforts cease

7.关键词

1.子项得分

Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，说话者的语言流畅度和语速较为稳定，仅有少量停顿。为了提高表达能力，建议说话者注意在适当的地方停顿，以及提高发音准确性。

4.话题发展

从话题发展方面来看，说话者的回答内容较为连贯和有组织，观点之间的联系清晰，并提供了一定的支持和例子。为了进一步提高话题发展能力，建议说话者在回答中加入更多具体细节和例证，以使观点更加充分和有说服力。

5.语言使用

原文：The concept of conservation-reliant species refers to that if a human focuses on recreating and maintaining original habits for some of the species, they will become dependent on human conservation, and without human's assistance, these species may become extinct. The concept of conservation-reliant species implies that when humans focus on recreating and maintaining the original habitats for certain species, these species become dependent on human conservation efforts, and without such assistance, they may face extinction.（将“refers to that if a human”改为“implies that when humans”，使句子更自然；将“habits”改为“habitats”，修正单词错误；将“human's assistance”改为“such assistance”，使句子更通顺。）

And a professor in the lecture mentions that in some of the forests where bird species lived there originally, when some other species like sheep or cows are brought there, they destroy their habitats. The professor in the lecture mentions that in certain forests where bird species originally lived, the introduction of other species like sheep or cows leads to the destruction of their habitats.（将“in some of the forests where bird species lived there originally”改为“in certain forests where bird species originally lived”，使句子更自然；将“when some other species like sheep or cows are brought there”改为“the introduction of other species like sheep or cows”，使句子更通顺。）

So human beings make fences to keep out these species to recover birds' habitats. As a result, humans construct fences to exclude these invasive species and help restore the birds' habitats.（将“make fences”改为“construct fences”，使用更高级的词汇；将“to keep out these species to recover birds' habitats”改为“to exclude these invasive species and help restore the birds' habitats”，使句子更自然。）

However, although the measure is really expensive but also effective, when the measure is seized, the birds may become hard to survive. However, while this measure is costly yet effective, if it were to be discontinued, the birds might struggle to survive.（将“although the measure is really expensive but also effective”改为“while this measure is costly yet effective”，使句子更自然；将“when the measure is seized”改为“if it were to be discontinued”，修正语法错误；将“the birds may become hard to survive”改为“the birds might struggle to survive”，使句子更通顺。）

Revised Answer (140 words):

The concept of conservation-reliant species implies that when humans focus on recreating and maintaining the original habitats for certain species, these species become dependent on human conservation efforts, and without such assistance, they may face extinction. The professor in the lecture mentions that in certain forests where bird species originally lived, the introduction of other species like sheep or cows leads to the destruction of their habitats. As a result, humans construct fences to exclude these invasive species and help restore the birds' habitats. However, while this measure is costly yet effective, if it were to be discontinued, the birds might struggle to survive.

6.思维导图

• Conservation-reliant species

  • Human conservation efforts
    • Recreating and maintaining original habitats

• Example: Hawaiian forests

  • Bird species
    • Destruction of habitats by introduced species (sheep, cows)

• Solution: Fences

  • Exclude invasive species
  • Restore bird habitats

• Cost and effectiveness

  • Expensive yet effective measure
  • Discontinuation leads to struggle for survival

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，答案的语言流畅度和语速基本一致，偶尔出现停顿。为了提高口语表达能力，建议在练习时注意正确的发音和自然的停顿。同时，可以多参加一些口语练习活动，以提高口语表达的自信和流利度。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，答案内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的，但在解释教授讲座如何说明保护依赖物种概念时，可以更详细地描述夏威夷森林中野猪和山羊对鸟类栖息地的影响以及保护区如何帮助鸟类生存。此外，在提供支持或示例时，可以尝试使用更多具体的信息，以使回答更有说服力。

5.语言使用

原文：The passage talks about conservation reliant, which means that one species is dependent on people's conservation for survival. If without people's conservation, they may die out. The passage discusses conservation-reliant species, which refers to a species that depends on human conservation efforts for survival. Without these efforts, the species may face extinction. (将句子结构进行了调整，使其更自然流畅，并使用了更高级的词汇。)

For example, in US forests, there are a lot of bird species. For instance, numerous bird species inhabit forests in the United States. (改进了句子结构和词汇选择。)

However, due to human's destroyment, a lot of birds have taken a risk of dying out. However, due to human destruction of their habitats, many birds face the risk of extinction. (修正了语法错误，并改进了词汇选择。)

So people create certain areas for birds' habitat. As a result, people establish protected areas for these birds' habitats. (改进了句子结构和词汇选择。)

They build a lot of fences and stop people going into these areas. They construct fences to prevent human intrusion into these areas. (改进了句子结构和词汇选择。)

However, this action is very expensive, since people need to spend a lot of money in building and repairing these fences. Nonetheless, this approach is costly, as it requires significant funds for building and maintaining these fences. (改进了句子结构和词汇选择。)

If this action is stopped, it is very difficult for birds to thrive. If these efforts cease, it would be challenging for the bird populations to flourish. (改进了句子结构和词汇选择。)

Revised Answer (140 words):

The passage discusses conservation-reliant species, which refers to a species that depends on human conservation efforts for survival. Without these efforts, the species may face extinction. For instance, numerous bird species inhabit forests in the United States. However, due to human destruction of their habitats, many birds face the risk of extinction. As a result, people establish protected areas for these birds' habitats. They construct fences to prevent human intrusion into these areas. Nonetheless, this approach is costly, as it requires significant funds for building and maintaining these fences. If these efforts cease, it would be challenging for the bird populations to flourish.

6.思维导图

• Conservation-reliant species

  • Definition
  • Dependence on human efforts

• Example

  • US forests
  • Bird species
  • Human destruction of habitats

• Solution

  • Protected areas
  • Fences to prevent intrusion

• Challenges

  • Costly approach
  • Building and maintaining fences
  • Consequences of ceasing efforts

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数 Estimated Score: 23

3.表达 在回答中，发音大部分清晰，但有时会出现停顿。为了提高发音的准确性，请注意练习发音和语调。此外，尝试在讲话时保持稳定的速度，以便更自然地表达观点。

4.话题发展 The response provides a coherent and well-organized explanation of the concept of conservation-reliant species using the example from the lecture. However, there is room for improvement in terms of providing more specific details and examples from the listening passage. For instance, mentioning the impact of domesticated pigs and goats on the bird species' habitat and how their introduction led to the birds becoming conservation-reliant would strengthen the response. Additionally, try to use more transition words and phrases to connect ideas more smoothly and improve overall coherence.

5.语言使用

Original Answer: In the lecture, the professor uses the example of bird species to illustrate the concept of a conservation-reliant species. For instance, in a forest, bird species are close to distinct because of the introduction of a sort of pig, and the pig completely destroyed the forest where the bird species live to prevent the bird species from dying out. The conservationists decided to give a chance to the forest to recover by building the fences to keep pigs from going out. As a result, in some areas, the fences are quite effective. However, they are very expensive because they cost a lot to build and repair. However, conservationists find out if they stop building and repairing the fences, it will be difficult for bird species to survive.

Corrected Answer: In the lecture, the professor uses the example of bird species (鸟类) to illustrate the concept of a conservation-reliant species. For instance, in a forest, bird species are close to extinct (灭绝) because of the introduction of domesticated pigs and goats (家猪和山羊), which completely destroyed their habitat. The conservationists decided to give a chance for the forest to recover by building fences to keep pigs and goats from entering. As a result, in some areas, these fences have been quite effective. However, they are very expensive due to their construction and maintenance costs. Conservationists have realized that if they stop building and repairing these fences, it will be difficult for the bird species to survive.

Revised Answer (140 words): In the lecture, the professor illustrates the concept of conservation-reliant species using the example of bird species in Hawaiian forests. These birds are close to extinction due to the introduction of domesticated pigs and goats, which have destroyed their habitat. To protect the birds and help their habitat recover, conservationists have built fences to keep these invasive animals out. In some areas, this strategy has been effective in preserving the bird species. However, constructing and maintaining these fences is expensive, and if conservation efforts cease, it would be difficult for the bird species to survive. This example demonstrates how human intervention is necessary for the survival of certain species, making them conservation-reliant.

6.思维导图

- Conservation-reliant species
  - Bird species in Hawaiian forests
    - Close to extinction
      - Introduction of domesticated pigs and goats
        - Habitat destruction
  - Conservation efforts
    - Building fences
      - Keep pigs and goats out
      - Habitat recovery
    - Effectiveness and challenges
      - Expensive construction and maintenance
      - Necessity for survival of bird species

7.关键词

1.Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.Estimated Scores

23. 3.Delivery

The speaker's delivery is generally clear and fluid, with a consistent pace and only occasional pauses. However, there are some areas where the speech could be improved. The speaker should focus on pronouncing words more accurately to avoid spelling errors and work on using appropriate pauses to improve punctuation. Practicing speaking aloud and listening to native English speakers can help improve these areas.

4.Topic Development The response is coherent and well-organized, with clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples from both the reading passage and the lecture. However, the speaker could further develop their response by providing more specific details from the lecture, such as mentioning the impact of pigs and goats on the bird species' habitat. Additionally, the speaker could emphasize the importance of human intervention in maintaining the conservation efforts for these birds. To improve topic development, the speaker should practice summarizing key points from both sources and integrating them into a cohesive response.

5.Language Use

Original: The reading passage introduces the concept of conservation-reliant species, which refers to the certain animal species that are dependent on humans' conservation for survival. In the lecture, the professor gives the example of a bird species in Hawaii. The bird species needed to compete for food with the domesticated goats and pigs, which eat massive amounts of vegetation in the area. To conserve these birds, humans build conservations to let the vegetation recover. However, these birds can seldom live if the conservation actions stop.

Corrected: The reading passage introduces the concept of conservation-reliant conservation-dependent species ("conservation-reliant" is less commonly used), which refers to certain animal species that are dependent on human conservation efforts for survival. In the lecture, the professor provides an example of a bird species in Hawaii. These birds must compete for food with domesticated goats and pigs, which consume vast amounts of vegetation in their habitat. To protect these birds, humans construct conservations conservation areas (improved word choice) to allow the vegetation to recover. However, these birds may struggle to survive if conservation efforts cease.

Revised (140 words): The reading passage introduces the concept of conservation-dependent species, which refers to certain animal species that rely on human conservation efforts for survival. In the lecture, the professor provides an example of a bird species native to Hawaii's forests. These birds face competition for food resources with domesticated goats and pigs, which consume vast amounts of vegetation in their habitat, leading to its destruction. To protect these endangered birds, humans construct conservation areas to allow the vegetation to recover and maintain the birds' natural habitat. These efforts have proven effective in some areas, but they are also expensive and require continuous maintenance. The lecture emphasizes that these bird species may struggle to survive if conservation efforts cease, illustrating the concept of conservation-dependent species and the importance of ongoing human intervention for their survival.

6.Mind Map

- Conservation-dependent species
  - Definition
  - Dependence on human conservation efforts

- Example: Bird species in Hawaii
  - Competition with domesticated goats and pigs
  - Destruction of habitat (vegetation)

- Human intervention
  - Construction of conservation areas
  - Vegetation recovery
  - Expense and maintenance

- Consequences of discontinued efforts
  - Struggle for survival
  - Importance of ongoing intervention

7.Key Words