TOEFL TPO 18 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Using the example of the pronghorn and lion, explain the concept of a relict behavior.

1.子项得分 Delivery: 2 Language Use: 2 Topic Development: 2

2.预估分数 Estimated Score: 15

3.表达 从表达方面来看，发言者的语速较快，导致一些词汇发音不准确。建议发言者放慢语速，注意发音的准确性。此外，发言者在回答中出现了一些不必要的停顿，建议在练习时注意连贯性和流利度。

4.话题发展 Regarding topic development, the speaker's response does touch on the concept of relict behavior and provides an example with the pronghorn and lion. However, the response could be better organized and more coherent. The speaker should begin by clearly defining relict behavior, then move on to explain the example of the pronghorn and lion, and finally connect the example back to the concept of relict behavior. Additionally, it would be helpful to use more accurate vocabulary (e.g., "pronghorn" instead of "prey hole") and ensure that all relevant details from both the reading and listening passages are included in the response.

5.语言使用

Original Answer: next behavior Relict behavior(纠正为正确的词汇) refers to the animal's behavior which not does not(使用完整的否定形式) serves for its original purpose for example the prey hole pronghorn(纠正为正确的词汇) which lives in the grasses in the middle north of united states they have the ability to run very fast which can't be caught by any predator nowadays but however because there's used to be lions living in this area so the prey hole pronghorn(纠正为正确的词汇) developed the ability to run in a such faster speed although the lion was disappeared in this area the prey hole pronghorn(纠正为正确的词汇) still have this behavior that's called the relaxed behavior relict behavior(纠正为正确的词汇).

Revised Answer (140 words):

Relict behavior refers to an animal's behavior that no longer serves its original purpose. For example, the pronghorn, which lives in the grasslands of North America, has the ability to run at incredibly fast speeds, making it impossible for any present-day predator to catch it. This speed was once essential for their survival when lions lived in the same area, as they were fast predators that preyed on pronghorns. However, lions have been extinct in North America for thousands of years, and the pronghorn's current predators, such as bobcats and coyotes, are not nearly as fast. Despite the absence of lions, pronghorns still possess this remarkable speed, which is now considered a relict behavior since it no longer serves its original purpose of evading lions.

6.思维导图

• Relict behavior
  • Definition
  • Example
    • Pronghorn
      • Habitat
      • Speed
      • Predators (past and present)
  • Connection to relict behavior

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，整体上讲得比较清楚，但有些地方需要改进。首先，注意保持语速的一致性，避免不必要的停顿。其次，在发音方面需要加强练习，以减少拼写错误。建议多进行口语练习，提高发音准确度。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的，但仍有改进空间。在解释“relict behavior”的概念时，可以更详细地描述这种行为如何随着环境变化而失去原有意义。此外，在使用例子时，可以更明确地说明美洲羚羊如何适应了新的环境条件。总之，尽量提供更多相关信息和例子来支持你的观点。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Relic behaviors are behaviors that show no clear purpose now, but may have original purpose that has disappeared long ago. Relict behaviors are behaviors that no longer serve a clear purpose, but may have had an original purpose that has since disappeared. (将“relic”改为“relict”，使句子更自然流畅。同时调整句子结构，使其更清晰。) The professor uses one example to illustrate this. The professor provides an example to illustrate this concept. (用“provides”替换“uses”，使句子更自然。) There is an animal called American pronghorn, which lives in an open grassland. They run super fast, and too fast that no predator can even catch up with them. And the reason that they run so fast is that a long time ago, the living condition on this plant was different. A long time ago, the lion was the main predator on the plant, and it was critical for the American pronghorn to run fast to escape from the lion. And the lion were like swift-moving animals, and faster than any other predator today. So although lions are extinct long ago, the pronghorn still exhibit this behavior.

Revised Answer (140 words):

Relict behaviors are behaviors that no longer serve a clear purpose, but may have had an original purpose that has since disappeared. The professor provides an example to illustrate this concept: the American pronghorn. This animal lives in open grasslands and is known for its incredible speed, which is so fast that no current predators can catch up with it. The reason for their speed lies in their past environment, where lions were the main predators. It was crucial for pronghorns to run fast to escape from these swift-moving lions, which were faster than any other predator today. Although lions have been extinct for a long time, pronghorns still exhibit this relict behavior, demonstrating how certain behaviors can persist even after their original purpose has vanished.

6.思维导图

• Relict behaviors

  • No clear purpose
  • Original purpose disappeared

• Example: American pronghorn

  • Open grasslands
  • Incredible speed
  • Past environment: lions as predators
  • Persisting behavior

7.关键词

1.Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.Estimated Scores

23. 3.Delivery

The speaker's delivery is generally clear, but there are some instances where the pace could be more consistent. Additionally, there are occasional pauses that disrupt the flow of speech. To improve, the speaker should practice maintaining a steady pace and reducing unnecessary pauses.

4.Topic Development The speaker provides a coherent and well-organized response, explaining the concept of relict behavior using the example of the pronghorn and lion. However, there is room for improvement in providing more detailed support or examples to further clarify the concept. To enhance topic development, the speaker should consider elaborating on how the pronghorn's speed is a relict behavior that no longer serves its original purpose due to the extinction of lions in North America.

5.Language Use

The professor illustrates the concept of relict behavior using the example of a Progonpronghorn(corrected spelling). Firstly, he talks about Progonpronghorn(corrected spelling) which is a deer-like animals which lives in the open grassy plains. One characteristic of this Progonpronghorn(corrected spelling) is that they are super fast, probably the fastest animal onin(more appropriate preposition) that part of the hemisphere, and none of its current day predators can even match up its speed. Now the professor explains why Progonspronghorns(corrected spelling) developed(consistent verb tense) these characteristics. Tens and thousands of years ago, lions usually lived on grassy plains. Lions, unlike other predators, are very shiftswift(corrected word) animals and they were the main predators of this particular Progonpronghorn(corrected spelling). So to escape from the hunting of such lions, it was essential that Progonspronghorns(corrected spelling) developed(consistent verb tense) such pace to traverse the grassy plains and escape from the lions.

Revised Answer (140 words):

The professor illustrates the concept of relict behavior using the example of a pronghorn. Firstly, he talks about pronghorns, which are deer-like animals that live in the open grassy plains. One characteristic of pronghorns is their exceptional speed, making them the fastest animals in that part of the hemisphere. None of their current predators can match their speed. The professor explains that pronghorns developed this speed because tens of thousands of years ago, lions lived on the grassy plains. Lions, unlike other predators, are swift animals and were the main predators of pronghorns. To escape from lion predation, it was essential for pronghorns to develop such speed to traverse the grassy plains and evade these predators. This example demonstrates how the pronghorn's speed is a relict behavior that no longer serves its original purpose due to the extinction of lions in North America.

6.Mind Map

- Relict Behavior
  - Pronghorn
    - Deer-like animals
    - Open grassy plains
    - Exceptional speed
  - Lions
    - Main predators of pronghorns
    - Swift animals
  - Evolution
    - Pronghorns developed speed to escape lions
  - Extinction of lions in North America
    - Pronghorn's speed no longer serves original purpose

7.Key Words

1.Sub Scores

Delivery: 2 Language Use: 2 Topic Development: 2

2.Estimated Scores

Estimated Score: 15

3.Delivery

The speaker's delivery could be improved in several areas. First, the speech should be more fluid and have a consistent pace. There were some pauses that disrupted the flow of the speech. Additionally, the pronunciation of some words was inaccurate, which led to spelling errors in the transcription. To improve, the speaker should practice speaking more fluidly and work on their pronunciation of certain words.

4.Topic Development

The response provided an explanation of relict behavior using the example of the pronghorn and lion. However, the response could be better organized and more coherent. The speaker should focus on clearly explaining the concept of relict behavior and its relevance to the pronghorn's speed. Additionally, providing more specific details about how the pronghorn's speed was critical to its survival when lions were present would strengthen the response. To improve, the speaker should work on organizing their thoughts and providing clear connections between ideas with sufficient support or examples.

5.Language Use

Original Answer: Relict behavior refers to that an animal has a function that is not really functional and is semi-remanent. Relict behavior refers to an animal displaying a behavior that no longer serves a clear purpose and is somewhat remnant. (Changed sentence structure for clarity and corrected vocabulary) The professor gives an example of pronghole to show this concept. The professor uses the pronghorn as an example to illustrate this concept. (Corrected spelling and rephrased sentence for clarity) For pronghole, pronghorn (Corrected spelling), pronghorn is living in North America and in Greenland. They can run very fast and known as the fastest animals of that region and they seem too remnant for them to run so fast because they can easily catch up any prey in that region. This is because before many ten thousand years ago, their predators died much faster than pronghole but now the die is extinct so the pronghole's running is remnant.

Revised Answer (140 words):

Relict behavior refers to an animal displaying a behavior that no longer serves a clear purpose and is somewhat remnant. The professor uses the pronghorn as an example to illustrate this concept. Pronghorns, native to North America, are known for their exceptional speed, making them the fastest animals in their region. Their ability to run at such high speeds seems unnecessary today, as they can easily outpace any current predators. However, tens of thousands of years ago, their predators were much faster than the pronghorns, and their speed was crucial for survival. Over time, these predators became extinct, rendering the pronghorn's speed less essential for survival. Despite the changes in their environment, the pronghorns have retained their remarkable speed as a relict behavior from a time when it was necessary for their survival.

6.Mind Map

• Relict behavior

  • Definition
  • No clear purpose
  • Somewhat remnant

• Pronghorn example

  • Native to North America
  • Exceptional speed
  • Current predators

• Historical context

  • Faster predators
  • Crucial for survival

• Evolutionary changes

  • Extinct predators
  • Retained speed as relict behavior

7.Key Words

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

总体来说，回答的表达较为清晰，但在某些地方存在一些不自然的停顿。建议在练习时注意语音的连贯性和自然性，尽量减少不必要的停顿。同时，注意发音的准确性，以避免拼写错误。

4.话题发展 回答内容基本上涵盖了题目要求的信息，并提供了恰当的例子。但在组织结构上可以进一步优化，使回答更加条理清晰。建议在练习时关注逻辑结构和信息呈现的顺序，以便更好地组织和呈现观点。

5.语言使用

Original: Relic behavior means behavior that have no clear purpose now, but they may have original purposes which has disappeared long ago. Relict behavior refers to behaviors that no longer serve a clear purpose, but may have had an original purpose that has since disappeared. (将句子结构进行了调整，使其更自然流畅。同时修正了单词拼写和语法错误。)

The professor uses one example of American pronghorn to explain this. The professor illustrates this concept using the example of the American pronghorn. (调整了句子结构，使其更自然。)

So this American pronghorn live in an open grassland and they are super fast, too fast that no predator can even catch up with them. The American pronghorn inhabits open grasslands and is incredibly fast, so much so that no predator can catch up with it. (调整了句子结构，使其更自然流畅。)

But why do they run so fast? But why does it run so fast? (修正了代词的使用。)

In the past, the lion used to be the main predator of the American pronghorn, and lion ran much faster than other predators today. In the past, lions were the main predators of the American pronghorn, and they ran much faster than other predators today. (调整了句子结构，使其更自然流畅。)

So it was pretty critical for the pronghorn to run fast in the past to survive. Thus, it was crucial for the pronghorn to run fast in the past to ensure its survival. (使用了更高级的词汇，并调整了句子结构。)

And although the lions are extinct, the pronghorn still exhibit this behavior. Even though lions are now extinct, the pronghorn continues to exhibit this behavior. (调整了句子结构，使其更自然流畅。)

So it's an explanation of the relic behavior. This serves as an explanation of relict behavior. (修正了单词拼写和句子结构。)

Revised Answer (140 words):

Relict behavior refers to behaviors that no longer serve a clear purpose, but may have had an original purpose that has since disappeared. The professor illustrates this concept using the example of the American pronghorn. The American pronghorn inhabits open grasslands and is incredibly fast, so much so that no predator can catch up with it. But why does it run so fast? In the past, lions were the main predators of the American pronghorn, and they ran much faster than other predators today. Thus, it was crucial for the pronghorn to run fast in the past to ensure its survival. Even though lions are now extinct, the pronghorn continues to exhibit this behavior. This serves as an explanation of relict behavior.

6.思维导图

Relict Behavior
├── Definition
│   └── No clear purpose, original purpose disappeared
├── Example
│   ├── American Pronghorn
│   │   ├── Habitat: Open grasslands
│   │   ├── Speed: Incredibly fast
│   │   └── Predators: Lions (past), none (present)
│   └── Explanation
│       └── Speed for survival against lions (extinct now)
└── Conclusion
    └── Illustration of relict behavior

7.关键词

1.子项得分

• 交付 (Delivery): 2.5

• 语言使用 (Language Use): 2

• 话题发展 (Topic Development): 2.5

2.预估分数

• 总分: 19

3.表达 回答中存在一些发音不准确的地方，例如 "Related behavior" 应为 "Relict behavior"，"pronghomes" 应为 "pronghorns"。此外，回答中存在一些不必要的停顿。建议练习更清晰、流畅的发音，并注意保持连贯的语速。

4.话题发展 回答内容基本上涵盖了阅读和听力材料中的关键信息，但在组织结构和连接思路方面还有待加强。建议在解释“残留行为”的概念时，先简要介绍阅读材料中的定义，然后再用听力材料中的例子进行详细说明。同时，注意在回答过程中保持思路清晰、条理分明。

5.语言使用

Related behavior Relict behavior (原文中的"Related behavior"应改为"Relict behavior"，因为这是正确的术语。) refers to some animal behavior no longer served a clear purpose that no longer serves a clear purpose (此处需要改为现在时态，以保持一致性。) because of the changed conditions. Take American pronghomes pronghorns (原文中的"pronghomes"应改为"pronghorns"，因为这是正确的单词。) as an example, the American pronghorns lived in the middle of America and it was very fast, even out of flash. In the past of years, many, even thousands of years away, the lions lived in the middle of America and chased the pronghorns whose speed is very fast. That time, speed is very critical for pronghorns to survive. Now lions extinct in this area, so the pronghorns still remains his high speed.

Revised Answer (140 words):

Relict behavior refers to animal behaviors that no longer serve a clear purpose due to changed conditions. For example, American pronghorns are known for their incredible speed, which was once essential for their survival. Thousands of years ago, lions lived in the same region as pronghorns and were their primary predators. The pronghorns' speed was crucial for evading these fast-moving lions. However, lions have since become extinct in North America, and the pronghorns' current predators, such as bobcats and coyotes, are not as fast. Despite this change in their environment, pronghorns have retained their remarkable speed as a relict behavior. This example demonstrates how certain behaviors can persist in a species even when they are no longer necessary for survival due to changes in their habitat or the disappearance of specific threats.

6.思维导图

• Relict Behavior

  • Definition
  • Changed conditions

• Example

  • American Pronghorns
    • Speed
    • Past predators: Lions
    • Current predators: Bobcats, Coyotes
  • Retained behavior

7.关键词