TOEFL TPO 18 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Using the example of the pronghorn and lion, explain the concept of a relict behavior.

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Relict Behavior In general, animals act in ways that help them to survive within their specific habitats. However, sometimes an animal species may display a behavior that no longer serves a clear purpose. The original purpose for the behavior may have disappeared long ago, even thousands of years ago. These behaviors, known as relict behaviors, were useful to the animals when the species’ habitat was different: but now, because of changed conditions, the behavior no longer serves its original purpose. Left over from an earlier time, the behavior remains as relict, or remnant, long after the environmental circumstance that influenced its evolution has vanished.

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Using the example of the pronghorn and lion, explain the concept of a relict behavior.

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1.子项得分 Delivery: 2 Language Use: 2 Topic Development: 2

2.预估分数 Estimated Score: 15

3.表达从表达方面来看，发言者的语速较快，导致一些词汇发音不准确。建议发言者放慢语速，注意发音的准确性。此外，发言者在回答中出现了一些不必要的停顿，建议在练习时注意连贯性和流利度。

4.话题发展 Regarding topic development, the speaker's response does touch on the concept of relict behavior and provides an example with the pronghorn and lion. However, the response could be better organized and more coherent. The speaker should begin by clearly defining relict behavior, then move on to explain the example of the pronghorn and lion, and finally connect the example back to the concept of relict behavior. Additionally, it would be helpful to use more accurate vocabulary (e.g., "pronghorn" instead of "prey hole") and ensure that all relevant details from both the reading and listening passages are included in the response.

5.语言使用

Original Answer: ~~next behavior~~ Relict behavior(纠正为正确的词汇) refers to the animal's behavior which ~~not~~ does not(使用完整的否定形式) serves for its original purpose for example the ~~prey hole~~ pronghorn(纠正为正确的词汇) which lives in the grasses in the middle north of united states they have the ability to run very fast which can't be caught by any predator nowadays but however because there's used to be lions living in this area so the ~~prey hole~~ pronghorn(纠正为正确的词汇) developed the ability to run in a such faster speed although the lion was disappeared in this area the ~~prey hole~~ pronghorn(纠正为正确的词汇) still have this behavior that's called the ~~relaxed behavior~~ relict behavior(纠正为正确的词汇).

Revised Answer (140 words):

Relict behavior refers to an animal's behavior that no longer serves its original purpose. For example, the pronghorn, which lives in the grasslands of North America, has the ability to run at incredibly fast speeds, making it impossible for any present-day predator to catch it. This speed was once essential for their survival when lions lived in the same area, as they were fast predators that preyed on pronghorns. However, lions have been extinct in North America for thousands of years, and the pronghorn's current predators, such as bobcats and coyotes, are not nearly as fast. Despite the absence of lions, pronghorns still possess this remarkable speed, which is now considered a relict behavior since it no longer serves its original purpose of evading lions.

6.思维导图

Relict behavior
- Definition
- Example
  - Pronghorn
    - Habitat
    - Speed
    - Predators (past and present)
- Connection to relict behavior

7.关键词

Word	Phonetic Symbols	Parts of Speech	English definitions	Simplified Chinese translations	Sample sentences
Relict	/ˈrɛlɪkt/	adjective	Surviving; remaining	遗存的	The relict behavior of the pronghorn is a fascinating example of how species adapt over time.
Pronghorn	/ˈprɒŋhɔːrn/	noun	A fast-running deer-like mammal	叉角羚	The pronghorn's incredible speed is a relict behavior from when lions were their main predators.
Extinct	/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/	adjective	No longer in existence	灭绝的	Lions have been extinct in North America for thousands of years, leading to the pronghorn's relict behavior.
Adaptation	/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/	noun	A change or process of change by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment	适应	The pronghorn's speed is an adaptation that has become a relict behavior due to changes in its environment.
Environmental circumstance	/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈsɜrkəmstəns/	noun	A condition or factor in an organism's surroundings that influences its behavior or development	环境因素	The pronghorn's relict behavior can be traced back to the environmental circumstance of lions being their predators.