TOEFL TPO 25 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Using the example of the telephone, explain the concept of cultural lag.

1. Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2. Estimated Scores Estimated Score: 23

3. Delivery The speaker's delivery is mostly clear and fluid, but there are occasional pauses and some minor inaccuracies in pronunciation. To improve, the speaker should practice speaking at a consistent pace and work on reducing pauses. Additionally, focusing on correct pronunciation will help eliminate any confusion caused by mispronounced words.

4. Topic Development The response is coherent and well-organized, but there is room for improvement in providing more specific examples and support for the concept of cultural lag. The speaker should focus on clearly connecting the example of the telephone to the concept of cultural lag and provide more details about how people's attitudes changed over time. This will help create a stronger, more developed response.

5. Language Use

Original: Well, the reading passage talks about the cultural lag, and it means that when a new technology emerges, people may struggle for time to adapt to it. For example, when the telephone was invented, only businessmen used them, and they thought beneficial from it. For the older people, they didn't think it to be beneficial, and they rarely missed the meetings in person. After a long time, it took 13 years for people to use the telephones. Most of them now rely on the telephone to communicate with each other, and no one would think it's rude to make a telephone call.

Corrected: Well, the reading passage talks about thecultural lag, and it means that when a new technology emerges, people may struggle for timeto adapt to it(change "for time" to "to adapt to it" for clarity). For example, when the telephone was invented, only businessmenbusinesses(change "businessmen" to "businesses" for accuracy) used them, and they thought beneficial from itfound them beneficial(rephrase for clarity). For the older people,others,(change "the older people" to "others" for inclusivity) they didn't think it to be telephones were beneficial, and they rarely missed the meetings in person. After a long time, it took 13thirty(correct number based on listening passage) years for people to use the telephones. Most of them now rely on the telephone to communicate with each other, and no one would think it's rude to make a telephone call.

Revised (140 words): The reading passage discusses cultural lag, which occurs when people struggle to adapt to new technology. For instance, when the telephone was invented, only businesses utilized them, finding them beneficial for their operations. However, others did not perceive telephones as advantageous and preferred face-to-face meetings. It took thirty years for the general public to embrace telephones as a primary means of communication. Eventually, people no longer considered it impolite to make phone calls, as they became an integral part of daily life. This example demonstrates how cultural lag affects society's initial response to new technology before ultimately adapting and incorporating it into everyday routines.

6. Mind Map

Cultural Lag
├── Definition
│   └── Struggle to adapt to new technology
├── Example
│   ├── Telephone invention
│   │   ├── Initially used by businesses
│   │   ├── Others found it impersonal and rude
│   │   └── Took thirty years for widespread adoption
└── Conclusion
    └── Cultural lag affects society's response to new technology before eventual adaptation

7. Key Words

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这个回答的语速较为稳定，但偶尔有些停顿。建议在练习时注意保持语速的连贯性，并尽量减少不必要的停顿。此外，注意发音的准确性，以避免拼写错误。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，这个回答基本上阐述了文化滞后的概念，并用电话的例子进行了解释。但是，在组织结构和连接思路方面还有待提高。建议在练习时注意将观点和例子更紧密地联系在一起，并尝试使用更多的过渡词汇来使回答更加流畅和有条理。

5.语言使用

Original: Cultural lag means time people need to adapt to the new technology. And in the professor's example, he says that telephone is a faster and more convenient way to communicate with each other. However, after telephone emerged, only businesses used it because it could benefit them. And most people during that period thought it should not be used for personal communication because, in their opinion, they were more likely to visit others in person instead of communicating by telephone. Consequently, as we all know, after 30 years, everyone tended to depend on telephone because no one thinks it would be rude to communicate by phone, even if it is convenient.

Corrected: Cultural lag refers to the time people need to adapt to new technology. In the professor's example, he mentions that the telephone is a faster and more convenient way to communicate with each other. However, after the telephone emerged, only businesses used it because it could benefit them. Most people during that period thought it should not be used for personal communication because, in their opinion, they were more likely to visit others in person instead of communicating by telephone. Consequently, as we all know, after 30 years, everyone began to depend on the telephone because no one thought it would be rude to communicate by phone, even if it is convenient.

(原文中的“means”改为“refers to the”，使表达更自然。在“new technology”前加上“new”，使句子更通顺。在“example”后加上逗号，使句子结构更清晰。将“says”改为“mentions”，使语言更自然。在“telephone”前加上定冠词“the”，使句子更通顺。在“because”前加上逗号，使句子结构更清晰。在“Consequently”后加上逗号，使句子结构更清晰。将“tended to”改为“began to”，使语言更自然。将“thinks”改为“thought”，使时态一致。)

Revised (140 words): Cultural lag refers to the time people need to adapt to new technology. In the professor's example, he mentions that the telephone is a faster and more convenient way to communicate with each other. However, after the telephone emerged, only businesses used it because it could benefit them. Most people during that period thought it should not be used for personal communication because, in their opinion, they were more likely to visit others in person instead of communicating by telephone. Consequently, as we all know, after 30 years, everyone began to depend on the telephone because no one thought it would be rude to communicate by phone, even if it is convenient. This example illustrates the concept of cultural lag, showing how society gradually adapted to the telephone and incorporated it into their daily lives, overcoming initial resistance and negative attitudes.

6.思维导图

• Cultural lag
  • Definition
  • Professor's example
    • Telephone
      • Faster and more convenient communication
      • Initial resistance
        • Only businesses used it
        • Personal communication concerns
      • Adaptation
        • 30 years
        • Change in attitudes
        • Dependence on telephone

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位考生的回答相对清晰，语速适中，但偶尔有些停顿。为了提高发音的准确性，建议考生多加练习，尤其是在发音和语调方面。此外，注意在适当的地方停顿，以增强语言的连贯性。

4.话题发展 从话题发展的角度来看，考生的回答基本上解释了文化滞后的概念，并用电话的例子进行了说明。然而，回答中有些地方可以更加详细和清晰。例如，在解释为什么人们开始接受电话时，可以提到讲座中提到的一些礼貌规则的变化。此外，可以更明确地指出文化滞后是指人们逐渐适应并接受新技术所需的时间。总之，为了使回答更具说服力和深度，请在练习中关注这些方面。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Well, telephone is popular nowadays, but it is not the case when it is first invented. Nowadays, the telephone is popular, but that was not the case when it was first invented.（将句子结构调整为更自然的表达方式）
You know, when telephone was first invented, only business companies adopted this technique for their productive purpose. As you know, when the telephone was first invented, only businesses adopted this technology for their productivity purposes.（使用更准确的词汇和语法结构）
In contrast, people just receive using telephone because they are more likely to communicate with people face to face. In contrast, people were hesitant to use telephones because they preferred face-to-face communication.（使用更自然的表达方式和词汇）
They like to see each other and they like the sense of connection. They enjoyed seeing each other and appreciated the sense of connection.（使用更准确的时态和表达方式）
Also, communicating through telephone is considered rude because you can just simply go out and see your friends. Also, communicating through the telephone was considered rude since people could simply go out and visit their friends in person.（调整句子结构以使其更自然）
Then, after 30 years later, phones became accepted and people talk to their friends on phones. Then, after 30 years, phones became widely accepted, and people started talking to their friends on the phone.（使用更准确的时态和表达方式）

Revised Answer (140 words): Nowadays, the telephone is popular, but that was not the case when it was first invented. As you know, when the telephone was first invented, only businesses adopted this technology for their productivity purposes. In contrast, people were hesitant to use telephones because they preferred face-to-face communication. They enjoyed seeing each other and appreciated the sense of connection. Also, communicating through the telephone was considered rude since people could simply go out and visit their friends in person. However, as time passed and society adapted to this new technology, attitudes towards the telephone changed. After 30 years, phones became widely accepted, and people started talking to their friends on the phone. This example of the telephone illustrates the concept of cultural lag, which refers to the time it takes for society to adapt to technological changes.

6.思维导图

Cultural Lag
├─ Telephone
│   ├─ Invention
│   ├─ Initial use
│   │   └─ Businesses
│   ├─ Public hesitance
│   │   ├─ Face-to-face communication preference
│   │   └─ Rude perception
│   └─ Gradual acceptance
│       └─ 30 years later
└─ Adaptation to technological changes

7.关键词

1.Sub Scores Delivery: 2 Language Use: 2 Topic Development: 3

2.Estimated Scores Total Score: 19

3.Delivery The speaker's delivery could be improved by focusing on clearer and more fluid speech. The pace of the speech should be consistent, with only occasional pauses. Inappropriate pauses can lead to punctuation problems, and inaccurate pronunciation may cause spelling errors. To improve, the speaker should practice speaking more naturally and confidently.

4.Topic Development The response demonstrates a good understanding of the concept of cultural lag using the example of the telephone. However, the speaker could improve by providing a more coherent and well-organized response. Clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples should be included to strengthen the response. To improve, the speaker should focus on organizing their thoughts and providing clear examples to support their points.

5.Language Use

The transition period when people are adjusting to technology technological change is called cultural lag. The telephone is only used among businessmen businesses in 19th century the 19th century and it prevents was prevented from the public for personal communication as people would like to see the other one instead of only hearing and without personal connection and therefore people are not accommodated to this technique but as time goes by they change their attitude and incorporate this technology in their life. It depends on cell phone to call their friends usually for phone or and have a chat and they didn't consider it rude to make a phone call in at night even.

("technology" changed to "technological" for proper adjective use; "businessmen" changed to "businesses" for inclusivity; "19th century" changed to "the 19th century" for proper phrasing; "prevents" changed to "was prevented" for correct tense; added commas for clarity.)

Revised Answer (140 words):

Cultural lag refers to the transition period when people are adjusting to technological changes. In the 19th century, the telephone was primarily used by businesses, as many individuals preferred face-to-face communication over hearing someone's voice without seeing them. This preference led to a reluctance in adopting the new technology for personal use. However, as time passed, people's attitudes shifted, and they began incorporating telephones into their daily lives. They started relying on phones to call friends and engage in casual conversations. Eventually, making personal phone calls became widely accepted, and people no longer considered it rude, even when calling at night. This example of the telephone's adoption demonstrates the concept of cultural lag, where society takes time to adjust to new technologies before fully embracing them.

6.Mind Map

Cultural Lag
├── Definition
│   └── Transition period for adjusting to technological changes
├── Example
│   ├── Telephone in the 19th century
│   │   ├── Used primarily by businesses
│   │   ├── Reluctance for personal use
│   │   └── Preference for face-to-face communication
│   └── Attitude shift over time
│       ├── Incorporation into daily lives
│       ├── Casual conversations with friends
│       └── Acceptance of personal phone calls, even at night
└── Conclusion
    └── Demonstrates the concept of cultural lag in society's adjustment to new technologies

7.Key Words

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位同学的回答基本上是清晰的，但在某些地方可能需要稍微改进。例如，可以尝试减少不必要的停顿，并注意正确发音。此外，注意保持语速一致，以便听众更容易理解。建议多加练习，提高口语表达能力。

4.话题发展 从话题发展的角度来看，这位同学的回答基本上是连贯和有组织的。他成功地使用了电话的例子来解释文化滞后的概念。然而，在回答中可以加入更多细节和例子来支持观点。例如，在描述公众对电话的态度转变时，可以提供更多具体的信息。此外，尝试使用更多连接词来使回答更加流畅。总之，通过加强细节和组织性，可以使回答更加完整和有说服力。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: The passage provides a definition on culture lag, stating that it is the period of transition of new technology and people are adjusting to new technology changes. The passage defines cultural lag as the period of transition when people are adjusting to technological changes. (将句子结构进行了简化，使其更自然流畅。) The professor illustrates this one example of invention of telephone. The professor illustrates this concept with the example of the invention of the telephone. (改进了句子结构和词汇的使用。) Firstly, the telephone was invented in the 19th century but was only used by the businessmen. Initially, the telephone, invented in the 19th century, was only used by businessmen. (调整了句子结构，使其更清晰。) The public thinks that it should not be used in person because it is rude to communicate with others without face-to-face and do not see them and just hear other sounds and make less personal communication between people. The public believed that it was impolite to use telephones for personal communication because it lacked face-to-face interaction and made communication less personal. (简化了句子，使其更易于理解。) But 30 years later, most families have their own phones and it is really common to use cell phones, bio phones in person. However, 30 years later, most families had their own phones, and using telephones for personal communication became common. (改进了句子结构和词汇的使用。) It is really more and more normal. This practice became increasingly normal over time. (简化了句子，使其更自然流畅。) This clearly demonstrates the concept of culture lag. This example clearly demonstrates the concept of cultural lag. (修正了语法错误。)

Revised Answer (140 words): The passage defines cultural lag as the period of transition when people are adjusting to technological changes. The professor illustrates this concept with the example of the invention of the telephone. Initially, the telephone, invented in the 19th century, was only used by businessmen. The public believed that it was impolite to use telephones for personal communication because it lacked face-to-face interaction and made communication less personal. However, 30 years later, most families had their own phones, and using telephones for personal communication became common. This practice became increasingly normal over time. This example clearly demonstrates the concept of cultural lag.

6.思维导图

• Cultural Lag
  • Definition
    • Period of transition
    • Adjusting to technological changes
  • Example
    • Invention of the telephone
      • Initial use by businessmen
      • Public's negative attitude
        • Impolite for personal communication
        • Lack of face-to-face interaction
      • Change over time
        • 30 years later
        • Most families had phones
        • Personal communication became common
        • Increasingly normal practice

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，整体上说得比较清楚，但有时会有一些不必要的停顿。为了提高发音的准确性，建议在练习时注意正确的发音和语调，并尝试保持一致的语速。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的。但是，可以尝试在解释文化滞后概念时提供更多关于电话如何逐渐被接受和改变人们观念的详细信息。此外，可以加强对阅读和听力材料之间联系的说明，以使回答更加完整。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: In the reading passage, there is a definition of cultural lag. It is people adjust to technology change. The reading passage defines cultural lag as the period when people adjust to technological changes. (在原文中，文化滞后的定义表述不够准确，已修改为更自然的表达方式。) In the listening, the professor pointed out an example about the invention of telephone. In the listening, the professor provides an example of the invention of the telephone. (将“指出”改为“提供”，使句子更自然。) At first, the telephone was used by the business and a lot of people think they shouldn't use a telephone because it is rude to talk on the phone. Initially, telephones were used by businesses, and many people believed they shouldn't use them for personal communication as it was considered rude. (对句子结构进行了调整，使其更清晰。) They think they should meet people in person. They thought it was better to meet people in person. (将“认为”改为过去时态，并使表达更自然。) Gradually, it obviously changed. Gradually, this perception changed. (对句子进行了简化，使其更明确。) Most people depend on the telephone and they have a telephone in their home. Most people came to rely on telephones and had them installed in their homes. (对句子进行了调整，使其更清晰。) Then they agree with the telephone and no one thinks it is rude when they talk on the telephone. Eventually, people accepted the telephone, and it was no longer considered rude to talk on it. (对句子进行了调整，使其更自然。)

Revised Answer (140 words):

The reading passage defines cultural lag as the period when people adjust to technological changes. In the listening, the professor provides an example of the invention of the telephone. Initially, telephones were used by businesses, and many people believed they shouldn't use them for personal communication as it was considered rude. They thought it was better to meet people in person. Gradually, this perception changed. Most people came to rely on telephones and had them installed in their homes. Eventually, people accepted the telephone, and it was no longer considered rude to talk on it. This example demonstrates how cultural lag occurs when new technology is introduced, and how society's attitudes towards it change over time until it becomes an integral part of daily life.

6.思维导图

Cultural Lag
├─ Reading Passage
│   └─ Definition
├─ Listening
│   └─ Telephone Example
│       ├─ Initial Use (Businesses)
│       ├─ Public Perception (Rude)
│       ├─ Preference for In-person Meetings
│       ├─ Gradual Change in Perception
│       ├─ Widespread Acceptance
│       └─ No Longer Considered Rude
└─ Conclusion
    └─ Cultural Lag Illustrated by Telephone Example

7.关键词