TOEFL TPO -1 Speaking Task 4 Sample: Please illustrate the phenomenon the professor are talking about using the exemples in the lecture

1.子项得分

• 交付 (Delivery): 3

• 语言使用 (Language Use): 3

• 主题发展 (Topic Development): 3

2.预估分数

• 总分: 23

3.表达 在交付方面，发言者的语速较为稳定，但偶尔会有停顿。建议发言者在练习时注意保持连贯流畅的语速，并尽量减少不必要的停顿。同时，注意正确发音，以避免拼写错误。

4.话题发展 在话题发展方面，发言者对于讲座中提到的两种哺乳动物适应海洋生活的方式进行了描述，并给出了相应的例子。但是，发言者可以更加清晰地组织思路和连接观点。建议在回答问题时先简要概括讲座内容，然后再详细阐述每种适应方式及其例子。此外，注意使用恰当的词汇和表达方式来更准确地描述讲座中提到的现象。

5.语言使用

原文：In the lecture, the professor introduces two ways that mammals take when they want to breathe and when they are sleeping. In the lecture, the professor discusses two methods that aquatic mammals use to breathe while sleeping. (在讲座中，教授讨论了水生哺乳动物在睡眠时如何呼吸的两种方法。)

The first way is to keep part of their body floating above the sea, which means they just stay above the water and float with the sea. The first method involves using certain body parts as natural flotation devices to keep their heads above water. (第一种方法是利用某些身体部位作为天然的浮力装置，使它们的头部保持在水面上。)

For example, there is a kind of web that just has a special organ, so they could just expand the organ and keep floating above the water when they are sleeping. For instance, walruses have large pouches or air sacs on both sides of their necks that can expand with air, allowing them to float while sleeping. (例如，海象在颈部两侧有大型囊袋或气囊，可以充气膨胀，使它们在睡眠时保持漂浮。)

The second way is a special alert system, so they could just go above the water and breathe if needed. The second method involves having a physiological ability to remain partially alert while sleeping, enabling them to surface and breathe when necessary. (第二种方法是在睡眠时保持部分警觉的生理能力，使它们在需要时能浮出水面呼吸。)

For example, the dolphin has a special section of brain awake when they are sleeping, so they could go above the water and breathe when they needed. For example, even when a dolphin's body is asleep, a section of its brain remains active, sending signals to surface and take breaths periodically. (例如，即使海豚的身体处于睡眠状态，其大脑的某个区域仍然保持活跃，定期发出信号让它浮出水面呼吸。)

It's really amazing! This adaptation is truly fascinating! (这种适应能力真是令人着迷！)

Revised Answer (140 words):

In the lecture, the professor discusses two methods that aquatic mammals use to breathe while sleeping. The first method involves using certain body parts as natural flotation devices to keep their heads above water. For instance, walruses have large pouches or air sacs on both sides of their necks that can expand with air, allowing them to float while sleeping. The second method involves having a physiological ability to remain partially alert while sleeping, enabling them to surface and breathe when necessary. For example, even when a dolphin's body is asleep, a section of its brain remains active, sending signals to surface and take breaths periodically. This adaptation is truly fascinating!

6.思维导图

- Lecture
    - Aquatic mammals
        - Breathing while sleeping
            - Method 1
                - Natural flotation devices
                    - Example: Walrus
                        - Air sacs on necks
            - Method 2
                - Partially alert while sleeping
                    - Example: Dolphin
                        - Active brain section for breathing signals

7.关键词