TOEFL Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain how the example from the lecture illustrates the concept of Outcome Dependency

Historical user samples and AI evaluation results from an older TOEFL format.

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Older TOEFL Format

This task is from a previous version of the TOEFL exam. The current TOEFL has a different structure. These archived samples remain available as a reference for practice.

Task Overview

Reading Passage

Outcome Dependency People's first impressions of another person may be influenced by whether they depend on that person to help them achieve a particular goal. When people are dependent on another person to achieve a goal, or outcome, the situation is known as outcome dependency. When people perceive their success as being dependent on another person, they tend to have a favorable initial impression of that person. In other words, the effect of outcome dependency is that people perceive a new acquaintance as having traits that will be helpful in achieving a desired goal.

Question

Explain how the example from the lecture illustrates the concept of Outcome Dependency

User Samples & Evaluation Results

Evaluation Result

1.子项得分

交付 (Delivery): 3
语言使用 (Language Use): 3
话题发展 (Topic Development): 3

2.预估分数

总分: 23

3.表达回答中的表达大部分清晰流畅，但在某些地方可能需要稍作调整。例如，可以考虑使用更多的连接词来使句子更连贯。此外，注意正确发音以避免拼写错误。建议多加练习，提高发音准确度和语言流利度。

4.话题发展回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的，但可以在某些方面进行改进。例如，在描述实验过程时，可以更详细地说明两组之间的差异以及这对结果产生的影响。同时，在总结时可以更明确地指出这个例子如何说明了结果依赖性的概念。建议在练习中尝试提供更多细节和支持论点的例子，以便更好地展示话题发展。

5.语言使用

原文：~~The article discusses about outcome dependency,~~ The article discusses outcome dependency, (去掉"about"，使句子更自然) it's about people depend on others to achieve a goal. In the lecture, the professor gives an example. Salesperson are working in groups and have the same sales goal to achieve. Scientists divided salesperson in two groups and let them watch a same video. It's about a salesman talking about himself. The first group just simply watching the video, so they are not impressed by the man. And the second group, before they watch, the scientist told them that the man will join their group and help them achieve the goal. So after watching the video, those sellers think the man is an excellent person. Since this, it's just because they are being told that the man will join their group and help them to achieve the goal. The man is the one who they can rely on, so they have a better impression than the first group.

修订版（140词）：

The article discusses outcome dependency, which involves people depending on others to achieve a goal. In the lecture, the professor provides an example of salespeople working in groups with a shared sales goal. Researchers divided these salespeople into two groups and showed them a video featuring a salesman discussing his qualifications. The first group simply watched the video without any context and was not impressed by the man. However, before watching the video, researchers informed the second group that this salesman would join their team and help them achieve their goal. Consequently, after viewing the video, these salespeople had a favorable impression of him as they believed he would contribute to their success. This demonstrates outcome dependency because their positive perception resulted from being told that he would join their team and help them achieve their goal, making him someone they could rely on.

6.思维导图


- Outcome Dependency
    - People depending on others
    - Achieving goals

- Lecture Example
    - Salespeople in groups
    - Shared sales goal
    - Two groups watching a video
        - First group: no context, not impressed
        - Second group: informed about the salesman joining their team, favorable impression

- Demonstration of Outcome Dependency
    - Positive perception due to dependency on the salesman for achieving their goal

7.关键词

Word	Phonetic Symbols	Parts of Speech	English definitions	Simplified Chinese translations	Sample sentences
dependency	/dɪˈpɛndənsi/	noun	reliance on someone or something for support	依赖	Outcome dependency affects our perception of others when we rely on them to achieve our goals.
perception	/pərˈsɛpʃən/	noun	the way in which something is regarded or understood	看法，理解	The study showed that outcome dependency can influence people's perception of a new acquaintance.
favorable	/ˈfeɪvərəbəl/	adjective	advantageous or beneficial	有利的	The second group had a favorable impression of the salesman because they believed he would help them succeed.
contribute	/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/	verb	to help bring about a result or to play a part in something	有助于，促成	The salesman's experience and skills would contribute to the team's success in achieving their sales goal.
demonstration	/ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən/	noun	a practical explanation or illustration of how something works or is used	示范，证明	The experiment provided a clear demonstration of outcome dependency in the salespeople's perceptions.