TOEFL TPO -1 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain how the example in the professor's lecture illustrates the concept of ethospecies.

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Ethospecies In certain cases, animals of different but related species may actually look identical to each other. However, they may exhibit different behavioral characteristics. Species recognized through their behavior rather than their physicall appearance are known as ethospecies . Since it is impossible to tell ethospecies apart by looking at them, scientists may not realize that ethospecies are actually different species until they observe the animals behaving differently. Once they observe these differences in behavior, scientists can perform genetic tests to determine whether the animals are actually from different species.

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Explain how the example in the professor's lecture illustrates the concept of ethospecies.

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Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3
Estimated Scores

23. 3. Delivery

The speaker's delivery is generally clear and fluid, but there are some occasional pauses that could be improved. To enhance the delivery, the speaker should practice speaking at a consistent pace and reduce unnecessary pauses. Additionally, focusing on accurate pronunciation will help eliminate any spelling errors that may arise from mispronunciation.

Topic Development The response is coherent and well-organized, with clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples. However, there is room for improvement in terms of providing more specific details about the wasps' behavior and how it led to the discovery of two different species. To enhance topic development, the speaker should focus on elaborating on key points and providing more in-depth explanations to support their ideas.

5. Language Use

Original: The professor explains ~~ESO species~~ ethospecies (corrected for accurate terminology) which are species recognized through behavior instead of appearance with one vivid example. Firstly, the professor illustrated that a tropical ~~wad~~ wasp (corrected for accurate terminology) is a great example. There are two species that they are both flying inside living in jungle and you cannot tell the differences just by looking at them. Even scientists who study them cannot separate them by just looking. However, they both build nests and they attach the nest to a tree or an object. And it is interesting to observe the ways in which they use to build their nests. One species attaches the center of the nest to a tree, the other attaches the side of the nest to an object. So when the scientists notice this difference, they suspect that there actually might be two species if they run a DNA test. Eventually, scientists' speculations were really right and they found that there are two different species of tropical ~~wads~~ wasps (corrected for accurate terminology).

Revised (140 words): The professor explains ethospecies, which are species recognized through behavior rather than appearance, using a vivid example of tropical wasps. These two species both fly and live in the jungle, but their differences cannot be discerned by merely looking at them. Even scientists who study these wasps cannot distinguish between them based on appearance alone. However, both species build nests and attach them to trees or other structures, but they exhibit distinct nest-building behaviors. One species attaches the center of the nest to a tree, while the other attaches the side of the nest to a structure. When scientists observed this difference, they suspected that there might be two distinct species and conducted DNA tests to confirm their hypothesis. Ultimately, their suspicions were proven correct, and they discovered that there are indeed two different species of tropical wasps.

Mind Map


- Ethospecies
  - Definition
  - Tropical wasps example
    - Similar appearance
    - Different nest-building behaviors
      - Center attachment
      - Side attachment
    - Scientists' observations
    - DNA tests
    - Discovery of two distinct species

Key Words

Word	Phonetic Symbols	Parts of Speech	English Definition	Sample Sentence
Ethospecies	/ˈiːθoʊˌspiːʃiːz/	Noun	Species recognized through their behavior rather than their physical appearance	Ethospecies demonstrate that behavioral differences can be more significant than physical ones in classification.
Discern	/dɪˈsɜrn/	Verb	To perceive or recognize something, especially by sight or mentally	It is difficult to discern the differences between the two tropical wasp species just by looking at them.
Hypothesis	/haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/	Noun	A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, made as a starting point for further investigation or testing	The scientists formed a hypothesis that there might be two distinct wasp species based on their nest-building behaviors.
Conduct	/kənˈdʌkt/	Verb	To carry out a particular activity or process, especially in order to gain information or prove facts	The researchers conducted DNA tests to confirm their suspicions about the two different wasp species.
Distinct	/dɪˈstɪŋkt/	Adjective	Clearly different or separate from others	The two tropical wasp species exhibit distinct nest-building behaviors, despite their similar appearances.