TOEFL TPO 40 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain how the example in the lecture illustrates agonistic behavior.

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 2.5 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数 Estimated Score: 22

3.表达 从发音和语速方面来看，你的回答还有待提高。在发音方面，需要注意一些单词的发音准确性，例如"rattlesnake"。此外，尝试保持一致的语速和更少的停顿。为了提高口语表达能力，可以多进行练习和模仿。

4.话题发展 Your response is generally coherent and well-organized, but there are some areas for improvement. Make sure to clearly state the main idea of agonistic behavior from the reading passage and then use the example from the listening passage to illustrate it. Also, try to use more accurate and specific vocabulary from the passages, such as "rattlesnakes" instead of "racial snake." Finally, ensure that your response is concise and focused on the main points from both the reading and listening passages.

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Well, the agonist behavior is a concept that happened in the two individuals of one species. In the listening materials, the speaker gave us an example. The racial snake, which is very small and lives underground, there are two kinds of snakes. One needs to live in the same hole, however, they don't compete for the hole, they just make themselves look as tall as possible to gain another. And it is very interesting that they don't beat others, they just push them away. And the winner snake will release the beaten one.

Corrected Answer: Well, agonistic behavior is a concept that occurs between two individuals of the same species. In the listening material, the speaker provided an example involving rattlesnakes. These snakes are small and live underground. When two rattlesnakes want to occupy the same burrow, they don't directly compete for it; instead, they make themselves appear as tall as possible to intimidate each other. Interestingly, they don't bite each other but merely push their opponent away. The victorious snake then releases the defeated one. (将"agonist behavior"改为"agonistic behavior"，将"racial snake"改为"rattlesnakes"，修改了句子结构和语法，使表达更自然。)

Revised Answer (140 words):

Agonistic behavior is a concept that occurs between two individuals of the same species when competing for resources such as territory or food. In the listening material, the professor provided an example involving rattlesnakes. These snakes are small and live underground in burrows. When two rattlesnakes want to occupy the same burrow to access food inside it, they engage in agonistic behavior. They don't directly compete for the burrow; instead, they make themselves appear as tall as possible to intimidate each other. Interestingly, they don't bite each other but merely push their opponent away in a wrestling-like manner. The victorious snake then releases the defeated one, and the loser slithers away, allowing the winner to access the food in the burrow. This example clearly illustrates agonistic behavior, where animals resolve conflicts without causing harm to each other.

6.思维导图

• Agonistic behavior

  • Occurs between two individuals of the same species
  • Competing for resources

• Example from listening material

  • Rattlesnakes
    • Small, live underground in burrows
  • Two rattlesnakes want to occupy the same burrow
    • Engage in agonistic behavior
      • Make themselves appear taller
      • Push opponent away without biting
  • Victorious snake releases defeated one

7.关键词

1. Sub Scores

• Delivery: 2

• Language Use: 2

• Topic Development: 2

2. Estimated Scores

• Total Score: 15

3. Delivery The speaker's delivery could use some improvement. The speech is not very fluid and has some pauses that disrupt the flow. Additionally, there are some pronunciation issues, such as "slugs" instead of "snakes" and "white-toed slugs" instead of "rattlesnakes." To improve, the speaker should practice speaking more fluidly and work on their pronunciation of specific words.

4. Topic Development The response does address the example of agonistic behavior in the lecture, but it could be better organized and more coherent. The speaker should focus on clearly explaining the concept of agonistic behavior and how the example of the rattlesnakes demonstrates this behavior. To improve, the speaker should work on organizing their thoughts more effectively and providing a clear connection between the example and the concept being discussed.

5. Language Use

Original Answer: In a lecture, the professor talked about aggressive behavior. It is two animals do the physical competition without harming each other. He used an example to illustrate it. There are two slugs, two white-toed slugs, and they all want to go into a small hole to get enough food to eat. At first, they face each other, and they want to push each other. They all want to control the other slug, but they didn't bite and injure the other slug. They don't want to harm it. After a few hours, one slug can control another one, and the winner is getting into the hole, and the loser is just winning, and they didn't harm each other. In a lecture, the professor discussed agonistic behavior, which occurs when two animals engage in physical competition without harming each other. He provided an example involving two rattlesnakes (corrected "slugs" and "white-toed slugs" to "rattlesnakes") that both wanted to enter a small burrow to find food. Initially, they faced each other and attempted to push one another in order to gain control. However, neither snake bit or injured the other as they did not intend to cause harm. After some time, one snake managed to overpower the other, with the winner entering the burrow while the loser retreated without any harm done. (improved sentence structure and grammar)

Revised Answer (140 words): In a lecture, the professor discussed agonistic behavior as a form of conflict resolution among animals that involves physical competition without causing harm to one another. To illustrate this concept, he provided an example involving two rattlesnakes that both discovered a small burrow containing food. Initially, the snakes faced each other and engaged in a pushing contest to gain control over the burrow. Throughout this struggle, neither snake attempted to bite or injure the other, demonstrating their intent to avoid causing harm. Eventually, one snake managed to overpower its opponent and emerged as the winner. As a result, the victorious snake gained access to the burrow and its resources, while the defeated snake retreated without sustaining any injuries. This example effectively demonstrates agonistic behavior as a means of resolving conflicts among animals without causing significant harm.

6. Mind Map

• Agonistic Behavior

  • Conflict resolution
  • Physical competition
  • No harm

• Example

  • Rattlesnakes
    • Small burrow
    • Food resource
  • Pushing contest
    • No biting or injuring
  • Outcome
    • Winner gains access to resources
    • Loser retreats unharmed

7. Key Words

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位考生的回答较为清晰，但在语音和语调方面还有待提高。建议考生多加练习，提高发音的准确性和自然度。此外，适当的停顿也有助于使表达更加流畅。

4.话题发展 从话题发展的角度来看，考生的回答基本上涵盖了阅读和听力材料中的关键信息，并对两者进行了有效整合。但在组织结构和连接词方面还有一定的不足。建议考生在练习时注意提高回答的条理性和连贯性，以便更好地展示自己的观点。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: In the reading passage, it introduced the concept of the agonistic behavior as it led within the certain animal species. The reading passage introduces the concept of agonistic behavior in certain animal species. (将句子进行了简化，使其更自然流畅) Conflicts sometimes arise over the resources, such as the territory or food. Conflicts may arise over resources like territory or food. (修改了句子结构，使其更自然) To resolve these conflicts, two animals of the same species may engage in this behavior. To resolve these conflicts, animals of the same species may engage in agonistic behavior. (避免了重复使用"this behavior") The professor used the rattlesnake as an example to illustrate this point. When the two snakes meet each other for the same host for committing the food, and they will always lift them into a specific height and push out each other, and neither snake ever tried to beat another snake. And so, after a while, the one of the snakes finally gained the control of another snake and pushed it to the ground and held it there, and it will release another snake.

Revised Answer (140 words): The reading passage introduces the concept of agonistic behavior in certain animal species. Conflicts may arise over resources like territory or food. To resolve these conflicts, animals of the same species may engage in agonistic behavior. The professor used rattlesnakes as an example to illustrate this point. When two rattlesnakes encounter each other competing for the same food source, they lift themselves to a specific height and push against each other. Interestingly, neither snake attempts to bite the other. After a while, one snake gains control over the other, pushing it to the ground and holding it there. Instead of harming the defeated snake, the winner releases it, demonstrating a clear example of agonistic behavior.

6.思维导图

• Agonistic Behavior
  • Conflicts
    • Resources
      • Territory
      • Food
  • Resolution
    • Same species engagement
  • Example
    • Rattlesnakes
      • Encounter
      • Height and pushing
      • No biting
      • Control and release

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位同学的回答基本上是清晰的，但在某些地方可能需要稍微改进一下。例如，在描述蛇的互动过程时，可以使用更具描述性的词汇，以便更好地传达信息。此外，尽量保持语速一致，并减少不必要的停顿。建议多加练习，提高口语表达能力。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，这位同学的回答基本上是连贯和有条理的。然而，在解释讲座中蛇的例子如何说明拟态行为时，可以更详细地描述蛇之间互动的过程以及它们如何避免伤害对方。此外，在总结时，可以强调这个例子如何证明拟态行为在动物界中的重要性和普遍性。建议在练习时关注这些方面以提高话题发展能力。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: So the lecture introduces a term called agnostic behavior, The lecture introduces a term called agonistic behavior,（将 agnostic 改为 agonistic，因为这是正确的术语。）which is a way for animals to resolve any conflict through participating in physical competitions that demonstrate which of the animals is more powerful. which refers to animals resolving conflicts by engaging in physical competitions that demonstrate their power.（将句子结构简化，使其更自然。）So the professor gives out an example of two rattlesnakes which found a hold of food both of them wanted. The professor provides an example of two rattlesnakes that discovered a food source they both desired.（改进句子结构和词汇选择。）So they face each other and lift up their body as far as possible. They faced each other and lifted their bodies to their full height.（改进句子结构和词汇选择。）So during the push, they push and wrestle with each other. During the confrontation, they pushed and wrestled with each other.（改进句子结构和词汇选择。）But during the process, neither of the snakes tried to bite or injure the other one. However, throughout this process, neither snake attempted to bite or harm the other.（改进句子结构和词汇选择。）After a while, one of the snakes gained control, but instead of hurting the other snake which had lost, it released it and went down the hole for food while the loser slithered away. Eventually, one snake gained control and, rather than harming the defeated snake, released it and proceeded to search for food in the hole as the losing snake slithered away.（改进句子结构和词汇选择。）This is how the professor demonstrates the concept of agnostic behavior. This example illustrates the concept of agonistic behavior as described by the professor.（将 agnostic 改为 agonistic，改进句子结构。）

Revised Answer (140 words): The lecture introduces a term called agonistic behavior, which refers to animals resolving conflicts by engaging in physical competitions that demonstrate their power. The professor provides an example of two rattlesnakes that discovered a food source they both desired. They faced each other and lifted their bodies to their full height. During the confrontation, they pushed and wrestled with each other. However, throughout this process, neither snake attempted to bite or harm the other. Eventually, one snake gained control and, rather than harming the defeated snake, released it and proceeded to search for food in the hole as the losing snake slithered away. This example illustrates the concept of agonistic behavior as described by the professor.

6.思维导图

Agonistic Behavior
├─ Definition
│   └─ Resolving conflicts through physical competitions
├─ Example
│   ├─ Two rattlesnakes
│   │   ├─ Discover food source
│   │   ├─ Face each other, lift bodies
│   │   ├─ Push and wrestle
│   │   └─ No biting or harming
│   └─ Outcome
│       ├─ Winning snake gains control
│       ├─ Loser released, slithers away
│       └─ Winner searches for food in hole
└─ Illustration of concept
    └─ Professor's example demonstrates agonistic behavior

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，回答中的语音清晰，语速适中，但偶尔有些停顿。为了提高口语表达能力，建议练习更流利地说话，减少不必要的停顿。同时注意发音的准确性，以避免拼写错误。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的。然而，在解释讲座中的例子时，可以更详细地描述蛇之间的争斗过程以及它们如何展示出争斗行为。此外，可以更清楚地指出这个例子如何证明了阅读部分所提到的争斗行为。为了提高话题发展能力，建议在练习时尝试提供更多细节和支持论点的例子。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: The reading part mentions the word which is called agonistic behavior, which is the kind of behavior of animal occurs to resolve conflicts like territory or food. So in this case, none of the animals will get hurt. And in the listening part, the professor uses the example of rattlesnake to illustrate this. Such kind of snake will eat small kinds of animals living in small holes in the ground. One day, two rattlesnakes found the same hole and they both want to eat the food finding the hole whatever the food is. And then they face each other. Both snakes first lifted their body and make as tall as they are possible. And then what interesting happens. Like they are pushing each other. And finally, one snake just gain the control of another snake. And if the snake bite, then the other snake will die. However, it did not bite or make the other snake injured. The other snake just run away. So in this case, none of the snakes get hurt.

Corrected Answer: The reading passage introduces a concept called agonistic behavior, a type of behavior animals exhibit to resolve conflicts over resources such as territory or food without causing harm to one another. In the listening passage, the professor uses an example involving rattlesnakes to illustrate this concept. Rattlesnakes typically consume small animals that live in burrows underground. In this instance, two rattlesnakes discovered the same burrow and both wanted to eat whatever prey was inside it. They confronted each other and raised their bodies as high as possible before engaging in a pushing contest. Eventually, one snake gained control over the other without biting or injuring it. The losing snake simply slithered away, leaving no harm done to either party. (在修正后的答案中，我们使用了更高级的词汇，更自然的语言流畅度，以及更清晰的句子结构。例如，我们用“exhibit”替换了“occurs”，用“confronted”替换了“face”，并用“engaging in a pushing contest”替换了“pushing each other”。这些修正使答案更符合TOEFL iBT评分标准。)

Revised 140-word Answer: The reading passage introduces the concept of agonistic behavior, a type of behavior animals exhibit to resolve conflicts over resources such as territory or food without causing harm to one another. In the listening passage, the professor provides an example involving rattlesnakes to illustrate this concept. Rattlesnakes typically consume small animals that live in burrows underground. In this instance, two rattlesnakes discovered the same burrow and both wanted to eat whatever prey was inside it. They confronted each other and raised their bodies as high as possible before engaging in a pushing contest. Eventually, one snake gained control over the other without biting or injuring it. The losing snake simply slithered away, leaving no harm done to either party. This example effectively demonstrates agonistic behavior as both snakes resolved their conflict without inflicting harm on one another.

6.思维导图

- Agonistic Behavior
  - Definition
    - Resolve conflicts
    - No harm to animals
  - Listening Passage
    - Example: Rattlesnakes
      - Consume small animals in burrows
      - Two snakes discover the same burrow
        - Confrontation
          - Raise bodies
          - Pushing contest
        - Outcome
          - One snake gains control
          - No biting or injury
          - Losing snake slithers away

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 2.5 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

22. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位同学的回答大致清晰，但在语言使用方面有待提高。建议同学注意发音准确性，并在练习中尝试保持一致的语速和适当的停顿。同时，注意避免拼写错误，这些错误可能会影响听众对发音的理解。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，这位同学的回答基本上是连贯和有组织的，但在提供支持或例子方面还有待加强。建议同学在描述例子时更加详细地说明如何展示争斗行为，并注意在回答中保持一致性。同时，在总结时可以更明确地指出这个例子如何说明争斗行为。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Angonistic behavior refers to a type of aggressive behavior that the same species animal participate in physical competition to demonstrate which is more powerful. In the lecture, the professor used a snake example to explain this concept. For example, there are two rhino snakes in the wild. Both of them are small and live in the same hole underground. One day they faced to each other and started to push each other and want to gain control from another. Then after the threat, a snake began to bite another snake. Finally, a snake gained control from another and bit it. But instead of eating another winner-loser snake, it released another snake and occupied the whole food in the hole.

Corrected Answer: Agonistic behavior refers to a type of aggressive behavior in which animals of the same species participate in physical competition to demonstrate their power. In the lecture, the professor used an example of two rattlesnakes to explain this concept. These snakes were both small and lived in underground burrows. One day, they encountered each other and began pushing and wrestling to gain control over their shared territory. After some time, one snake managed to overpower the other without biting or injuring it. Instead of harming its opponent further, the victorious snake released its rival and claimed the resources within their shared territory. (修改了单词拼写、语法和句子结构)

Revised Answer (140 words):

Agonistic behavior is a type of aggressive behavior where animals of the same species engage in physical competition to establish dominance without causing serious harm. In the lecture, the professor illustrated this concept with an example involving two rattlesnakes competing for resources within their shared underground burrow. Upon encountering each other, they began pushing and wrestling in an attempt to gain control over the territory. Eventually, one snake managed to overpower the other, but instead of biting or injuring its opponent, it simply released the defeated snake and claimed the resources within the burrow. This example demonstrates agonistic behavior as both snakes engaged in a physical contest to establish dominance, but once the winner was determined, no further harm was inflicted on the losing snake, allowing it to retreat and leave the area.

6.思维导图

• Agonistic behavior

  • Definition
  • Same species competition
  • Establish dominance

• Lecture example

  • Rattlesnakes
  • Shared underground burrow
  • Physical contest
    • Pushing and wrestling
    • No serious harm inflicted
  • Winner claims resources

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

在表达方面，发言者的语速较为稳定，但偶尔会有停顿。为了提高表达能力，建议发言者注意在适当的地方停顿，以增强语言的连贯性。此外，尽量避免发音不准确导致的拼写错误。

4.话题发展 The speaker provided a coherent and well-organized response, with clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples. However, there is room for improvement in terms of elaborating on the ideas and providing more detailed explanations. To enhance topic development, the speaker could further explain how the rattlesnakes' behavior demonstrates agonistic behavior by emphasizing the non-harmful nature of their competition and how it relates to gaining access to resources.

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Well, the Reading Path talks about agonistic behavior, and it means that while each animal attempts to prove its strength in competition, it typically does so without harming the other animals. For example, two rental snakes find same hole for food, then they face and push each other to control the another snakes. However, neither snake tries to bite or injure another snake. Finally, one snake controls another snake, it reveals another snake has lost and look for food on hole. Therefore, the example is related to the agonistic behavior introduced in the reading.

Corrected Answer: Well, the reading passage discusses agonistic behavior, which occurs when animals compete to prove their strength without harming their opponents. For instance, two rattlesnakes discover the same burrow for food and engage in a pushing contest to gain control over the other. Interestingly, neither snake attempts to bite or injure its opponent. Ultimately, one snake dominates the other, signaling its defeat and allowing it to search for food in the burrow. This example clearly demonstrates agonistic behavior as described in the reading passage. (将"Reading Path"改为"reading passage"，将"rental snakes"改为"rattlesnakes"，将"find same hole"改为"discover the same burrow"，将"control the another snakes"改为"gain control over the other"，将"look for food on hole"改为"search for food in the burrow")

Revised 140-word Answer: The reading passage discusses agonistic behavior in animals, which involves competing to prove their strength without causing harm to their opponents. A clear example of this behavior can be seen in rattlesnakes that discover the same burrow for food. These snakes engage in a pushing contest, attempting to gain control over the other without biting or injuring their opponent. This competition continues until one snake dominates the other, signaling its defeat and allowing it to search for food in the burrow. This example effectively demonstrates the concept of agonistic behavior as described in the reading passage, highlighting the non-harmful nature of their competition and its relation to gaining access to resources. By providing more detailed explanations and emphasizing the key aspects of agonistic behavior, this revised answer aims to achieve a score of 30.

6.思维导图

- Agonistic Behavior
  - Definition
    - Competing without harm
  - Example
    - Rattlesnakes
      - Discover same burrow
      - Pushing contest
        - No biting or injuring
      - Outcome
        - Dominance established
        - Access to resources
  - Connection to Reading Passage
    - Non-harmful competition
    - Gaining access to resources

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位考生的回答基本上是清晰的，语速适中，偶尔有些停顿。但在某些地方，例如“agnostic behavior”应该是“agonistic behavior”，这可能是发音不准确导致的。建议考生多加练习发音和注意单词的正确拼写，以提高口语表达能力。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，考生的回答内容基本上是连贯和有条理的，观点之间的联系也比较清晰。然而，在描述例子时，考生可以更详细地解释一下这个例子如何体现出动物在争夺资源时不会伤害对方。建议考生在练习时尝试提供更多细节和支持观点的例子，以使回答更加充实和有说服力。

5.语言使用

Original: Well, agnostic behavior Well, agonistic behavior(这里应该是agonistic behavior，而不是agnostic behavior) basically means that two animals fed fight(这里应该是fight，而不是fed) with each other for territory of or(这里应该是or，而不是of) food, but they won't hurt the other animal. And in the lecture, the professor gives an example to illustrate this concept. There are two kinds of snakes, and when they find the food in the same hole, and when they both want the food, they will fight with each other by uplifting their body and pushing the other. However, after a while, after one snake can choke the other snake, it will not bite or injure the loser snake. Instead, the winner will just release the loser and let it go, so the loser will go away and the winner will have the food. Therefore, this is a perfect example to illustrate agnostic agonistic(这里应该是agonistic，而不是agnostic) behavior.

Revised (140 words): Agonistic behavior refers to a situation where two animals fight with each other for resources like territory or food without causing harm to one another. In the lecture, the professor provides an example of this behavior involving two rattlesnakes competing for food in a shared burrow. When both snakes desire the food, they engage in a physical contest by raising their bodies and pushing against each other. Eventually, one snake gains control over the other, but instead of biting or injuring the losing snake, the winner simply releases it and allows it to leave. The victorious snake then claims the food resource. This example effectively demonstrates agonistic behavior, as it shows how animals can engage in competitive interactions without causing harm to their opponents.

6.思维导图

• Agonistic behavior

  • Definition
  • No harm to opponents

• Lecture example

  • Two rattlesnakes
  • Shared burrow
  • Physical contest
    • Raising bodies
    • Pushing against each other
  • Winner releases loser
  • Claiming food resource

7.关键词

1.Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.Estimated Scores

23. 3.Delivery

The speaker's delivery is generally clear, but there are some areas that could be improved. The pace of speech could be more consistent, and there are occasional pauses that disrupt the flow. To improve, the speaker should practice speaking at a consistent pace and work on reducing unnecessary pauses. Additionally, focusing on accurate pronunciation will help eliminate any spelling errors that may arise from mispronunciation.

4.Topic Development The response demonstrates a good understanding of agonistic behavior and provides a clear example from the lecture. However, the organization could be improved to make the connections between ideas more apparent. To enhance topic development, the speaker should work on creating a more coherent structure by introducing the main idea, providing supporting details from the lecture, and concluding with a summary of how the example illustrates agonistic behavior. This will help create a well-organized response with clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples.

5.Language Use

Original: Organistic behavior is to resolve conflicts on territory or food without harms. Rattlesnakes would like to win the territory a small house which has the food in it. And they start a physical competition to show which one is more powerful. And then these two snakes face each other and shuffling and pushing each other to gain control of the other. But once one of the snake wins and they won't bite or injure the other, does no harm even if they won't win. And the winner will push the weaker one onto the ground and just release the snake. And the loser will just leave and the winner will win the food and the territory.

Corrected: Organistic Agonistic (corrected word for accurate terminology) behavior is to resolve conflicts on territory or food without harms harming (corrected word form for proper grammar) others. Rattlesnakes would like to win the territory, a small house a burrow, (clarified term for accuracy) which has food in it. They start a physical competition to show which one is more powerful. These two snakes face each other, shuffling wrestling, (corrected word for accurate description) and pushing each other to gain control. Once one snake wins, they won't bite or injure the other, causing no harm even if they don't win. The winner pushes the weaker one onto the ground and releases the snake. The loser leaves, and the winner gains access to the food and territory.

Revised (140 words): Agonistic behavior aims to resolve conflicts over territory or food without harming others. In the example of rattlesnakes, they compete for a burrow containing food. They engage in a physical competition to determine which snake is more powerful. During this contest, the snakes face each other, wrestling and pushing one another to gain control. Interestingly, neither snake attempts to bite or injure its opponent, ensuring no harm is done even if they don't win. Once a winner is established, it pushes the weaker snake onto the ground and releases it. The losing snake then slithers away, allowing the victorious snake to claim the food and territory. This example demonstrates how agonistic behavior allows animals to resolve conflicts without causing harm, ultimately benefiting both parties by preventing unnecessary injuries.

6.Mind Map

- Agonistic Behavior
  - Resolve conflicts
    - Territory
    - Food
  - Rattlesnakes example
    - Compete for burrow
    - Physical competition
      - Wrestling
      - Pushing
    - No harm done
      - No biting or injuring
    - Outcome
      - Loser leaves
      - Winner gains access to resources

7.Key Words