TOEFL TPO -1 Writing Task 1 Sample: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they opposed the specific points made in the reading passage.
Historical user samples and AI evaluation results from an older TOEFL format.
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Older TOEFL Format
This task is from a previous version of the TOEFL exam. The current TOEFL has a different structure. These archived samples remain available as a reference for practice.
Task Overview
Reading Passage
In the sediment of the Rhone River near Arles, France, archaeologists discovered life-size marble bust (artistic sculpture the head and neck) that some claim is the oldest known representation of Julius Caesar, the famous leader of the Roman state, created around46b.c.e. when Caesar was in his fifties. Those making the claim base it on three arguments. Style of sculpture First, the bust was made using the realist sculpture's style that was introduced to Rome during Caesars time. Older Roman sculpture styles often depicted people in an ideal way, ignoring any flaws in their appearance and making them look younger. In contrast, the principle of realism prevalent in Caesars time was to represent people's physical features faithfully, even if they were not attractive. The Rhone River bust is a completely realistic portrayal of a man in his fifties. Resemblance to other portraits of Julius Caesar Second, the bust shares some intriguing details with other portraits of Caesar that are known to have been made during Caesars lifetime. For example, Caesar was depicted on money(silver coins)used during his rule. The coins show Caesars hair to be much the same as it is represented in the Rhone River bust. Location of bust Third, the fact that the bust was found in the Rhone River sediment supports the claim that it depicts Julius Caesar. Caesar was violently overthrown in 44 B.C.E. and replaced by another leader. In this circumstance, it could be politically dangerous for Roman citizens to keep bust of Caesar. It might be interpreted as a lack of respect for the new leader. So it is likely that the bust of Caesar would have been disposed of very soon after 44 B.C.E. Throwing a marble bust into the deep Rhone River would have been a good way to get rid of it fast.
Question
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they opposed the specific points made in the reading passage.
User Samples & Evaluation Results
User Sample
The reading passage and the listening material are both talking about whether the marble bust which was found in the sediment of the Rhone River represented Julius Caesar. In the passage, it gives three opinions to support the fact that this bust actually belonged to Caesar. But the listening material holds three ideas against the reading passage. In the beginning, the passage states that there is no flaw in the bust's appearance, which indicates that it used the realist sculpture's style, which was a prevalent style to make human bust in that time, to make the bust of Caesar. So, this bust represented Caesar. However, in the listening material, it points out that this realist sculpture's style has been preferred by the public for a number of centuries, which means this bust might be produced in later times. Hence, it was not the bust of Caesar. On the other hand, an idea was claimed by the passage that this bust shared some similar features with other items which were made in the lifetime of Caesar. Caesar's depiction of money had the same hair style as the bust. But the listening material declares that the bust and the human depiction on coins only shared one similarity. The other features, such as nose and neck, were actually different. The human depiction's neck was longer than the bust. In the end, the writer in the passage says that the Rhone River, where the bust was found, revealed that this bust belonged to Caesar. Since the change of king, it is dangerous for Roman citizens to keep Caesar bust. Thus, this bust was left in the Rhone River. Nevertheless, the professor in the listening material expresses that the statue which represented the god of ocean was also found next to the bust, which means the Rhone River is just a simple location where people used to dispose of their unnecessary items, further proving that it cannot be the bust of Caesar.
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分 任务完成度: 4 组织: 4 连贯性和衔接: 4 语言运用: 3
2.预估分数
25. 3.任务完成度
整体来说,你的文章在任务完成度方面表现得相当不错。你成功地总结了听力材料中的观点,并详细解释了它们是如何反驳阅读材料中的论点的。然而,为了进一步提高任务完成度,建议你在总结听力材料时更加精确地使用原文中的词汇和表达。
示例1: 原文:However, in the listening material, it points out that this realist sculpture's style has been preferred by the public for a number of centuries, which means this bust might be produced in later times. 改进:However, the listening material points out that the realist sculpture style continued to be popular for several centuries after Caesar's death, which means the bust could have been created during a much later period.
示例2: 原文:The human depiction's neck was longer than the bust. 改进:The coins show Caesar with a very slim nose and long neck, but the Rhone bust depicts his nose and neck differently.
4.文章结构与组织 你的文章结构清晰,包括引言、正文和结论。每个段落都集中讨论一个具体观点,并提供支持细节。然而,在段落之间使用更明确的过渡词或短语可以使文章更加连贯。此外,尝试避免使用重复的表达,以提高文章的组织和连贯性。
建议1: 在段落之间使用过渡词或短语,如“首先”,“其次”,“最后”。
示例1: 原文:In the beginning, the passage states... 改进:Firstly, the passage states...
示例2: 原文:On the other hand, an idea was claimed by the passage... 改进:Secondly, the passage claims...
建议2: 避免使用重复的表达。
示例: 原文:But the listening material holds three ideas against the reading passage. 改进:However, the listening material presents three counterarguments to challenge the claims made in the reading passage.
5. 语法批改
The reading passage and the listening material are both talking about whether the marble bust which was found in the sediment of the Rhone River represented Julius Caesar. In the passage, it gives three opinions to support the fact that this bust actually belonged to Caesar. But the listening material holds three ideas against the reading passage.
In the beginning, the passage states that there is no flaw in the bust's appearance, which indicates that it used the realist sculpture's style, which was a prevalent style to make human bust in that time, to make the bust of Caesar. So, this bust represented Caesar. However, in the listening material, it points out that this realist sculpture's style has been preferred by the public for a number of centuries, which means this bust might be produced in later times. Hence, it was not the bust of Caesar.
On the other hand, an idea was claimed by the passage that this bust shared some similar features with other items which were made in the lifetime of Caesar. Caesar's depiction of money had the same hair stylehairstyle(hair style (hairstyle)) as the bust. But the listening material declares that the bust and the human depiction on coins only shared one similarity. The other features, such as nose and neck, were actually different. The human depiction's neck was longer than the bust.
In the end, the writer in the passage says that the Rhone River, where the bust was found, revealed that this bust belonged to Caesar. Since the change of king, it is dangerous for Roman citizens to keep Caesar bust. Thus, this bust was left in the Rhone River. Nevertheless, the professor in the listening material expresses that the statue which represented the god of ocean was also found next to the bust, which means the Rhone River is just a simple location where people used to dispose of their unnecessary items, further proving that it cannot be the bust of Caesar.
Section Title: 6.文章修订
The reading passage and the listening material both discuss whether the marble bust found in the sediment of the Rhone River represents Julius Caesar. The passage presents three arguments supporting this claim, while the listening material offers counterarguments to each point.
Initially, the passage suggests that the bust's flawless appearance indicates it was created using the realist sculpture style prevalent during Caesar's time, implying that it represents him. However, the listening material counters this by stating that this style remained popular for centuries after Caesar's death, meaning the bust could have been produced later and not necessarily depict him.
Furthermore, the passage claims that similarities between this bust and other depictions of Caesar from his lifetime, such as a shared hairstyle with images on coins, support its authenticity. In contrast, the listening material argues that only one feature is consistent between these representations while others, like nose and neck shape, differ significantly. This inconsistency casts doubt on whether it truly portrays Caesar.
Lastly, the passage posits that finding the bust in Rhone River supports its connection to Caesar since Roman citizens might have disposed of it there due to political danger following his overthrow. However, the listening material refutes this by mentioning another statue found nearby - one of Neptune - which had no political reason for disposal. This suggests that Romans simply used rivers as dumping grounds for unwanted items and does not necessarily confirm any link between this particular bust and Julius Caesar. (248 words)
Section Title: 7. Article Revision
The reading passage and the listening material are both talking about discuss whether the marble bust which was found in the sediment of the Rhone River represented represents Julius Caesar. In the passage, it gives The passage presents three opinions arguments supporting this claim, while the listening material offers counterarguments to support the fact that this bust actually belonged to Caesar. But the listening material holds three ideas against the reading passage. each point.
In the beginning, the passage states that there is no flaw in Initially, the passage suggests that the bust's appearance, which flawless appearance indicates that it used the realist sculpture's style, which was a prevalent style to make human bust in that time, to make the bust of Caesar. So, this bust represented Caesar. However, in the listening material, it points out that this realist sculpture's style has been preferred by the public for a number of centuries, which means this bust might be produced in later times. Hence, it was created using the realist sculpture style prevalent during Caesar's time, implying that it represents him (reasoning for revision: improved clarity and flow). However, the listening material counters this by stating that this style remained popular for centuries after Caesar's death, meaning the bust could have been produced later and not the bust necessarily depict him (reasoning for revision: improved clarity and flow).
Furthermore, the passage claims that similarities between this bust and other depictions of Caesar. ¶ On the other hand, an idea was claimed by the passage that this bust shared some similar features with other items which were made in the lifetime of Caesar. Caesar's depiction of money had the same hair style as the bust. But the listening material declares that the bust and the human depiction on coins only shared one similarity. The other features, Caesar from his lifetime, such as a shared hairstyle with images on coins, support its authenticity (reasoning for revision: improved clarity). In contrast, the listening material argues that only one feature is consistent between these representations while others, like nose and neck, were actually different. The human depiction's neck was longer than the bust. shape, differ significantly (reasoning for revision: improved clarity). This inconsistency casts doubt on whether it truly portrays Caesar (reasoning for revision: improved flow).
In the end, the writer Lastly, the passage posits that finding the bust in the passage says that the Rhone River, where the bust was found, revealed that this bust belonged River supports its connection to Caesar. Since the change of king, it is dangerous for Caesar since Roman citizens might have disposed of it there due to keep political danger following his overthrow (reasoning for revision: improved clarity). However, the listening material refutes this by mentioning another statue found nearby - one of Neptune - which had no political reason for disposal (reasoning for revision: improved clarity). This suggests that Romans simply used rivers as dumping grounds for unwanted items and does not necessarily confirm any link between this particular bust and Julius Caesar bust. Thus, this bust was left in the Rhone River. Nevertheless, the professor in the listening material expresses that the statue which represented the god of ocean was also found next to the bust, which means the Rhone River is just a simple location where people used to dispose of their unnecessary items, further proving that it cannot be the bust of Caesar.(reasoning for revision: improved flow).
8. Mind Map
- Introduction
- Reading passage and listening material discussion
- Topic: Marble bust representing Julius Caesar
- Argument 1: Realist sculpture style
- Passage: Flawless appearance, prevalent during Caesar's time
- Listening: Style remained popular for centuries, not necessarily depicting Caesar
- Argument 2: Similarities with other depictions of Caesar
- Passage: Shared hairstyle with images on coins
- Listening: Inconsistency in other features, doubt on portrayal of Caesar
- Argument 3: Bust found in Rhone River
- Passage: Political danger after Caesar's overthrow, disposal by Roman citizens
- Listening: Other statues found nearby, rivers as dumping grounds for unwanted items
- Conclusion:
- Counterarguments from listening material cast doubt on the bust representing Julius Caesar.
9. Keywords
| Word | Phonetic Symbol | Part of Speech | English Definition | Simplified Chinese Translation | Sample Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bust | /bʌst/ | noun | A sculpture representing a person's head, shoulders, and chest. | 半身像 | The marble bust was thought to represent Julius Caesar. |
| realist | /ˈriəlɪst/ | adjective | Representing familiar things in a way that is accurate or true. | 现实主义的 | The realist sculpture style was prevalent during Caesar's time. |
| prevalent | /ˈprɛvələnt/ | adjective | Widespread or common in a particular area or at a particular time. | 普遍的 | The realist style was prevalent during the Roman Empire. |
| authenticity | /ˌɔːθənˈtɪsɪti/ | noun | The quality of being genuine or true. | 真实性 | The authenticity of the bust was questioned due to inconsistencies in its features. |
| inconsistency | /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/ | noun | The fact or state of being inconsistent; lack of agreement. | 不一致 | The inconsistency between the bust and other depictions of Caesar cast doubt on its authenticity. |
| overthrow | /ˌoʊvərˈθroʊ/ | verb | To remove from power by force or pressure. | 推翻 | After Caesar's overthrow, many Roman citizens were in political danger. |
| disposal | /dɪˈspoʊzəl/ | noun | /The act of getting rid of something, especially by throwing it away. | 处置 | /The disposal of the bust in the Rhone River might have been due to political reasons. |
| refutation | /ˌrɛfjʊˈteɪʃən/ | /noun | /An act or statement that proves something is false or incorrect. | 反驳 | /The listening material provides a refutation for each argument presented in the passage about the bust. |
| depiction | /dɪˈpɪkʃən/ | /noun | /A representation or portrayal in words, images, or other forms. | 描述 | /The depiction of Julius Caesar on coins showed a similar hairstyle to that found on the marble bust. |
| political danger | /pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈdeɪndʒər/ | /noun | /A situation where one's political beliefs or actions may result in negative consequences. | 政治危险 | Roman citizens might have disposed of the bust due to political danger following Caesar's overthrow. |
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