TOEFL Speaking Task 4 Sample: Number four. Nasa. In this question, you will listen to a short lecture. You will then be asked to summarize important information from the lecture. After you hear the question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak. Listen to part of a lecture about an animal behavior known as covering from a marine biology class.

1.子项得分

• 交付 (Delivery): 3

• 语言使用 (Language Use): 3

• 主题发展 (Topic Development): 3

2.预估分数

• 总分: 23

3.表达 回答中的发音大部分清晰，语速适中，但有时会出现不必要的停顿。为了提高发音准确性，请注意练习一些单词的发音，如 "urchins"。此外，尝试在练习时减少不必要的停顿，以使语言更流畅。

4.话题发展 回答内容基本上是连贯和有条理的，但可以进一步加强对细节和例子的描述。例如，在提到海胆用贝壳遮挡阳光时，可以更详细地描述这种现象。同时，在谈论保护自己免受捕食者侵害时，可以提供更多关于海胆如何利用这种行为逃脱捕食者的信息。通过增加这些细节，您的回答将更加丰富和有说服力。

5.语言使用

Original: According to the professor, sea animals would sometimes attach materials which they find from the environment, but it will take efforts, so the professor introduces two functions of covering. The first function is to avoid damage from the sunlight, which would exert negative effect on their reproduction. For example, sea urchins would be observed to be covered with tiny shells when the sunlight is strong, so they could prevent be damaged by the sunlight. The second function is to save from predators, which would grab on the materials that are attached to the animals. For instance, there is a kind of sea urchins covered with seaweeds, so the predators would grab on the seaweeds and provide opportunity for them to escape.

Corrected: According to the professor, sea animals sometimes attach materials which that they find from the environment(将which改为that，使句子更自然), but it requires effort(将efforts改为effort，使语法更准确). The professor introduces two functions of covering. The first function is to avoid damage from sunlight(去掉the，使句子更自然), which could exert a negative effect on their reproduction. For example, sea urchins have been observed to be covered with tiny shells when sunlight is strong(去掉to be，使句子更自然), so they can prevent being damaged by sunlight. The second function is to protect themselves from predators, which might grab onto the materials attached to the animals. For instance, there is a species of sea urchins covered with seaweed(将seaweeds改为seaweed，使语法更准确), so predators would grab onto the seaweed, providing an opportunity for the urchins to escape.

Revised (140 words): According to the professor, sea animals sometimes attach materials that they find in their environment, although it requires effort. The professor introduces two primary functions of this covering behavior. The first function is to avoid damage from sunlight, which could exert a negative effect on the animals' reproduction. For example, sea urchins have been observed covered with tiny shells when sunlight is strong, enabling them to prevent being damaged by sunlight. The second function is to protect themselves from predators, which might grab onto the materials attached to the animals instead of the animals themselves. For instance, there is a species of sea urchins that covers itself with seaweed. When predators attempt to capture these urchins, they grab onto the seaweed instead, providing an opportunity for the urchins to escape and survive.

6.思维导图

- Covering Behavior
  - Attach materials
    - Found in environment
    - Requires effort
  - Functions
    - Avoid sunlight damage
      - Negative effect on reproduction
      - Example: Sea urchins with shells
    - Protect from predators
      - Grab onto materials instead of animals
      - Example: Sea urchins with seaweed

7.关键词