TOEFL TPO -1 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain how the example used in the lecture illustrates the the concept of Economy of Scale.
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Older TOEFL Format
This task is from a previous version of the TOEFL exam. The current TOEFL has a different structure. These archived samples remain available as a reference for practice.
Task Overview
Reading Passage
Economy of Scale A company must pay certain costs to manufacture products. Some of these production costs are fixed – they remain the same regardless of the number of products the company produces. Thus, if a company manufactures more of a certain product, the cost of producing each individual item decreases, because fixed costs are spread out over more items. This effect is known as economy of scale. Economy of scale makes it advantageous for a company to manufacture products in large quantities or on a large scale. While the cost of materials needed to increase production of an item increases, the company’s fixed costs do not, and its profits rise as more products are sold.
Question
Explain how the example used in the lecture illustrates the the concept of Economy of Scale.
User Samples & Evaluation Results
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分
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交付 (Delivery): 3
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语言使用 (Language Use): 3
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话题发展 (Topic Development): 3
2.预估分数
- 总分: 23
3.表达 从交付方面来看,回答中的语音清晰,语速较为稳定,但偶尔有停顿。建议在练习时注意保持语速的稳定性,并尽量减少不必要的停顿。此外,注意正确发音以避免拼写错误。
4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看,回答内容较为连贯和有组织,但在解释经济规模概念时可以更加详细。建议在练习时注意提供更多具体的例子和支持论点,以便更好地阐述经济规模概念。
5.语言使用原文:In the lecture, the professor uses an example to illustrate the concept of economy of scale. In the lecture, the professor provides an example to demonstrate the concept of economies of scale. (将“uses”改为“provides”,将“economy of scale”改为“economies of scale”使语言更自然)
There is a cooking magazine, but not many people know it. There is a cooking magazine, but initially, not many people were aware of it. (添加“initially”以表示开始时,将“know”改为“were aware of”使语言更自然)
But the company manufacturer needs to pay the rent and the salary of workers every month, such as editors and so on. However, the company has to cover monthly expenses like rent and salaries for employees, including editors and others. (将“but”改为“however”,调整句子结构,使用更高级的词汇)
After a while, more people know these magazines, so the printing of these magazines increases. Over time, more people became aware of the magazine, leading to an increase in its production. (调整句子结构,使语言更自然)
There are more than hundreds of magazines printed in a month. The number of magazines printed per month increased to several thousand. (提供更具体的数字,使句子更清晰)
However, the rent of the company and the salary of the workers don't change in a month. Nonetheless, the company's rent and employee salaries remained constant each month. (使用更高级的词汇,调整句子结构)
So the company's profit rises eventually. As a result, the company's profits increased over time. (将“rises”改为“increased”,使语言更自然)
修订版(140字):
In the lecture, the professor provides an example to demonstrate the concept of economies of scale. There is a cooking magazine, but initially, not many people were aware of it. However, the company has to cover monthly expenses like rent and salaries for employees, including editors and others. Over time, more people became aware of the magazine, leading to an increase in its production. The number of magazines printed per month increased to several thousand. Nonetheless, the company's rent and employee salaries remained constant each month. As a result, the company's profits increased over time.
6.思维导图
Economies of Scale
├── Cooking Magazine
│ ├── Initial Awareness
│ ├── Monthly Expenses
│ │ ├── Rent
│ │ └── Salaries (Editors, etc.)
│ └── Increased Production
│ ├── Several Thousand Copies
│ └── Constant Rent and Salaries
└── Result: Increased Profits
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English definitions | Simplified Chinese translations | Sample sentences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| economies of scale | /ɪˈkɒnəmiz əv skeɪl/ | noun | cost advantages gained by increased production | 规模经济 | Economies of scale allowed the company to lower production costs and increase profits. |
| initially | /ɪˈnɪʃəli/ | adverb | at the beginning; first | 最初 | Initially, the magazine had a small readership, but it grew over time. |
| awareness | /əˈwɛr.nəs/ | noun | knowledge or perception of a situation or fact | 意识 | The marketing campaign increased public awareness of the magazine. |
| constant | /ˈkɒn.stənt/ | adjective | not changing or varying; staying the same | 恒定的,不变的 | Despite the increase in production, the company's rent and salaries remained constant. |
| profits | /ˈprɒf.ɪts/ | noun | financial gains, especially from a business | 利润 | As the magazine's production increased, the company saw a significant rise in profits. |
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