TOEFL Speaking Task 2 Sample: The man expresses his opinion of the student's proposal. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
Historical user samples and AI evaluation results from an older TOEFL format.
8 archived user samples
Older TOEFL Format
This task is from a previous version of the TOEFL exam. The current TOEFL has a different structure. These archived samples remain available as a reference for practice.
Task Overview
Reading Passage
ReadingTime: 32 seconds Quiet Time at Night Campus dormitories will be quieter in the near future. Following frequent complaints from students about noisy dormitories, the university is introducing a policy of quiet time after 10:00 P.M, on weeknights. No loud noise will be perrmitted in the dorm rooms orhallways after 10:00 P.M. Students wishing to watch television or play music loudly will be required to go to the dormitory lounge. According to the dean of student housing, besides reducing nighttime noise in the dorms, the new policy is expected to reduce the number of disputes among roommates and coresidents. Such disagreements are often about noise, so the new policy is expected to make the dormitory atmosphere more pleasant for everyone
Question
The man expresses his opinion of the student's proposal. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
User Samples & Evaluation Results
1User Sample #1
Score23
User Sample #1
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分
-
交付 (Delivery): 3
-
主题发展 (Topic Development): 3
-
语言使用 (Language Use): 3
2.预估分数
- 总分: 23
3.表达 回答中的发音大部分清晰,但在某些地方存在一些不自然的停顿。建议在练习时注意语速的一致性,尽量减少不必要的停顿。同时,注意正确发音单词,以避免拼写错误。
4.话题发展 回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的,但在一些地方可以进一步完善。例如,在描述女生与室友关系时,可以更详细地说明这种关系如何受到噪音问题的影响。此外,在提到学校规定对改善宿舍环境的作用时,可以给出更多具体的例子来支持观点。在练习时,请注意提供充足的支持或例子,并确保观点之间有清晰的联系。
5.语言使用原文:Well, the university wants to keep a quiet time at night in the students' dormitory. The university plans to implement a quiet time policy at night in the student dormitories. (改为更自然的表达方式) They won't let the loud noises permit after 10 p.m. Loud noises will not be permitted after 10 p.m. (修正语法错误) And in the conversation, the woman really agrees with this idea. This is because, firstly, she believes that she has to go to the library for studying because there are too much parties in her dormitory, so she cannot study in the dormitory. She strongly agrees with this policy as it addresses her concerns about excessive noise from parties in her dormitory, which forces her to study in the library instead. (使用更高级的词汇和更自然的表达方式) Besides, she thinks when she has some morning classes, she wants to go back early, but it's inconvenient for her in the dormitory. Moreover, she finds it difficult to sleep early due to noise when she has morning classes. (简化句子结构,使其更自然流畅) For example, as a friend of herself, she often plays loud music in the dormitory, and her friends make some arguments with her dormitory, but in the end, they cannot keep the value down, so she thinks students tell to the others it's not valid, but schools can do this, so she agrees with this idea. so she believes that it's challenging for students to confront each other about noise issues, but a university policy would be more effective in addressing the problem, which is why she supports it. (修正语法错误,提供更强烈的结论)
修订版(140字):
The university plans to implement a quiet time policy at night in the student dormitories. Loud noises will not be permitted after 10 p.m. The woman strongly agrees with this policy as it addresses her concerns about excessive noise from parties in her dormitory, which forces her to study in the library instead. Moreover, she finds it difficult to sleep early due to noise when she has morning classes. For example, her friend often plays loud music in the dormitory, leading to arguments among roommates. However, they cannot resolve the issue themselves. She believes that it's challenging for students to confront each other about noise issues, but a university policy would be more effective in addressing the problem, which is why she supports it.
6.思维导图
- University policy
- Quiet time at night
- Student dormitories
- Woman's opinion
- Strongly agrees
- Reasons
- Excessive noise from parties
- Difficulty sleeping early for morning classes
- Challenging for students to confront each other
- University policy more effective in addressing the problem
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English definitions | Simplified Chinese translations | Sample sentences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| implement | /ˈɪmplɪmənt/ | verb | to put a plan or system into operation | 实施,执行 | The university plans to implement a quiet time policy to address the noise issue in student dormitories. |
| excessive | /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/ | adjective | more than is necessary or acceptable | 过多的,过分的 | Excessive noise from parties in the dormitory has made it difficult for students to study and sleep. |
| confront | /kənˈfrʌnt/ | verb | to face or deal with a difficult situation | 面对,对抗 | It's challenging for students to confront each other about noise issues in the dormitory. |
| effective | /ɪˈfɛktɪv/ | adjective | successful in producing a desired result | 有效的 | A university policy would be more effective in addressing the noise problem than individual efforts. |
| strongly | /ˈstrɒŋli/ | adverb | in a powerful or forceful way | 强烈地 | The woman strongly agrees with the quiet time policy as it would improve the living conditions in the dorms. |
2User Sample #2
User Sample #2
Evaluation Result
1.Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Topic Development: 3 Language Use: 3
2.Estimated Scores
23. 3.Delivery
The speaker's delivery is generally clear and fluid, with a consistent pace and only occasional pauses. However, there are a few instances where the speaker could improve their delivery by avoiding unnecessary repetitions and focusing on maintaining a steady pace throughout the response. Additionally, the speaker should work on pronouncing certain words more accurately to avoid confusion.
4.Topic Development The response is coherent and well-organized, with clear connections between ideas and sufficient support or examples. However, there are some areas where the speaker could improve topic development. For instance, the speaker should ensure that they accurately represent the opinions of the individuals in the listening passage. In this case, it was the man who agreed with the policy, not the woman. Furthermore, providing more specific examples from the listening passage would help strengthen the response and make it more convincing.
5.Language UseThe university introduces a quiet time policy after 10 o'clock PM in the dorm, which can not only reduce the noise but also the number of disputes among the roommates and the co-residents. The woman in the listening disagreed agreed (The speaker incorrectly stated that the woman disagreed with the policy, when in fact, she agreed) with this idea. Firstly, she believed that the students who actually want to study in the dorm are now forced to study in the library because of the noise in the dorm. Besides, if the students have early morning classes, they're probably going to want to get out of bed early, which is now impossible because of the noise. Besides Moreover (To avoid repetition and improve vocabulary), the relationship can be soothed if this policy makes up. You know, the students can hardly tell another person to stop noise and be quiet, like the example of this woman's friends whose roommates always play loud music in the dorm, but the two always end up in a disagreement about this noise problem. However, the students will always obey the university rule.
Revised Answer (140 words):
The university is introducing a quiet time policy at 10 PM in dormitories to reduce noise and disputes among roommates and co-residents. The man in the listening passage agrees with this policy for several reasons. First, he believes that students who want to study are currently forced to use libraries due to excessive noise in dorms. Second, he thinks that students with early morning classes struggle to sleep early because of loud noises. Moreover, he suggests that relationships between students can improve as a result of this policy since it eliminates confrontations over noise levels. For example, he mentions a situation where a woman's friend constantly argues with her roommate over loud music. With the implementation of this policy, students will be more likely to follow university rules and maintain a peaceful atmosphere in dormitories.
6.Mind Map
-
Introduction
- University policy
- Quiet time at 10 PM
-
Agreement
- Man's opinion
- Reasons for agreement
-
Studying environment
- Library vs. dorms
- Early morning classes
-
Relationships improvement
- Noise confrontations
- Example: woman's friend and roommate
-
Conclusion
- Following university rules
- Peaceful atmosphere
7.Key Words
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English Definition | Sample Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dormitory | /ˈdɔːrmɪtəri/ | Noun | A building containing a number of rooms that can be used by people to sleep in, especially at a college or university. | The new quiet time policy will create a more peaceful atmosphere in the dormitory. |
| Confrontation | /kənfrʌnˈteɪʃən/ | Noun | A situation in which people or groups are arguing or disagreeing with each other, often angrily. | The policy aims to reduce confrontations between students over noise levels. |
| Dispute | /dɪˈspjuːt/ | Noun | An argument or disagreement between people or groups, especially one that continues for a long time. | The university hopes to decrease the number of disputes among roommates with this new rule. |
| Atmosphere | /ˈætməsfɪr/ | Noun | The feeling or mood that you have in a particular place or situation, or that a place or situation creates. | Implementing the quiet time policy will contribute to a more pleasant atmosphere in the dorms. |
| Implementation | /ɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/ | Noun | The process of putting a decision, plan, agreement, etc. into action, or the action itself. | The implementation of this policy will ensure that students follow university rules and maintain a peaceful living environment. |
3User Sample #3
Score23
User Sample #3
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分
-
交付: 3
-
主题发展: 3
-
语言使用: 3
2.预估分数
- 总分: 23
3.表达 回答中的语言流利度较好,但在某些地方存在轻微的停顿。为了提高口语表达能力,建议练习更连贯、自然的发音和语调。同时注意在适当的地方停顿,以增强表达的清晰度。
4.话题发展 回答内容基本上涵盖了听力材料中提到的观点,并对这些观点进行了解释。但是,在组织结构和连接思路方面还有待提高。建议在准备回答时,先梳理好要点,确保内容条理清晰、逻辑顺畅。同时,可以尝试使用一些过渡词汇来连接不同的观点,使回答更具连贯性。
5.语言使用Original Answer: According to the letter, the student proposed the school to prohibit riding bikes at the center of the campus because the roads are too narrow for riding bikes, and students who fail to obey the rule should pay a fine. In the letter, it is proposed that the school should ban bike riding in the center of campus due to narrow roads, and students who disobey this rule should be fined. (将句子结构进行了调整,使其更加简洁明了)
The woman, however, disagreed with the statement because most of the students riding bikes will get off their bikes at the center of the campus because they know it's not safe enough to ride their bikes through the roadway, so we only need to politely ask the students to do so. However, the man disagrees with this proposal, stating that most students already dismount their bikes in the central area due to safety concerns, and a simple request for them to walk their bikes would suffice. (对句子进行了重组,使其更加清晰易懂)
Also, enforcing students to get off their bike won't work because it's a waste of resources to put some security in the central way to ask the students to. Additionally, he believes that enforcing such a rule would be ineffective and a waste of resources, as it would require security personnel monitoring the area. (调整了句子 结构,使表达更加准确)
Thus, the woman don't think the idea will work. Therefore, the man does not believe that the proposed idea would be effective. (修正了语法错误,并进行了简化)
Revised Answer (140 words):
In the letter, it is proposed that the school should ban bike riding in the center of campus due to narrow roads, and students who disobey this rule should be fined. However, the man disagrees with this proposal, stating that most students already dismount their bikes in the central area due to safety concerns, and a simple request for them to walk their bikes would suffice. Additionally, he believes that enforcing such a rule would be ineffective and a waste of resources, as it would require security personnel monitoring the area. Therefore, the man does not believe that the proposed idea would be effective.
6.思维导图
- Proposal
- Ban bike riding
- Center of campus
- Narrow roads
- Fines for disobedience
- Man's disagreement
- Most students dismount bikes
- Safety concerns
- Simple request to walk bikes
- Ineffectiveness of enforcement
- Waste of resources
- Security personnel monitoring
- Man's conclusion
- Proposed idea not effective
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English definitions | Simplified Chinese translations | Sample sentences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| prohibit | /prəˈhɪbɪt/ | verb | to formally forbid something by law, rule, or order | 禁止 | The university should prohibit smoking on campus to promote a healthier environment. |
| enforcement | /ɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/ | noun | the act of making people obey a particular law | 执行,实施 | Strict enforcement of traffic laws can reduce accidents and improve road safety. |
| dismount | /dɪsˈmaʊnt/ | verb | to get off a horse, bicycle, or other vehicle | 下马,下车,下自行车 | Students should dismount their bikes when entering the central area to avoid accidents. |
| personnel | /ˌpɜr.səˈnel/ | noun | the people who are employed in a company or organization | 人员 | Allocating additional security personnel to monitor bike usage would be an inefficient use of resources. |
| effectiveness | /ɪˈfektɪvnəs/ | noun | the ability to produce the intended result | 有效性 | The effectiveness of the proposed bike ban is questionable, as most students already walk their bikes. |
4User Sample #4
Score23
User Sample #4
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Topic Development: 3 Language Use: 3
2.预估分数
23. 3.表达
从表达方面来看,发言者的语言流利度和语速基本上是一致的,但偶尔会有停顿。为了提高口语表达能力,建议发言者注意在适当的地方停顿,以便更好地表达自己的观点。此外,发言者需要注意正确发音,避免因发音不准确而导致的拼写错误。
4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看,发言者的回答内容基本上是连贯和有组织的,观点之间的联系也比较清晰。但是,在提供支持或举例方面还有待加强。建议发言者在回答问题时尽量多提供一些相关的例子或论据来支持自己的观点,这样可以使回答更加充实和有说服力。
5.语言使用Original: Well, in the meeting materials, it is about an announcement, which the university want to ban the bicycles at the center of the school. In the meeting materials, there is an announcement where the university wants to ban bicycles in the center of the campus.(将原句中的“it is about an announcement”改为“there is an announcement”,使句子更自然;将“want”改为“wants”以符合主语“the university”的单数形式;将“school”改为“campus”以保持一致性。)
Because there are too much bicycles in the sidewalks, makes the sidewalks become very narrow, which is unsafe for the students who walk to the classroom. This is because there are too many bicycles on the sidewalks, making them very narrow and unsafe for students walking to class.(将“too much”改为“too many”以修饰可数名词;将原句中的两个从句合并,使句子更简洁。)
The university also thinks the students need to pay fine for it. The university also believes that students should be fined for this violation.(将“thinks”改为“believes”以提高词汇水平;将“need to pay fine for it”改为“should be fined for this violation”,使句子更自然。)
The students totally disagree with the announcement. The students strongly disagree with the proposal.(将“totally”改为“strongly”以提高词汇水平;将“announcement”改为“proposal”,使句子更自然。)
She thinks, first of all, for the students, the university can ask the students to walk to the classroom instead of asking them to pay fine, because the students are very responsible. She believes that, firstly, the university could request students to walk their bicycles instead of imposing fines, as students are generally responsible.(将“thinks”改为“believes”以提高词汇水平;将原句中的部分内容进行合并和简化,使句子更简洁。)
And the second reason is that it requires the security of the university to watch the bicycles all the time, which is a waste of resources. The second reason is that it would require campus security to constantly monitor bicycles, which would be a waste of resources.(将原句中的部分内容进行合并和简化,使句子更简洁。)
Besides, the students do not like those mandatory fines. Furthermore, students dislike such mandatory fines.(将“Besides”改为“Furthermore”以提高词汇水平;将原句中的部分内容进行简化,使句子更简洁。)
Revised Answer (140 words):
In the meeting materials, there is an announcement where the university wants to ban bicycles in the center of the campus. This is because there are too many bicycles on the sidewalks, making them very narrow and unsafe for students walking to class. The university also believes that students should be fined for this violation. The students strongly disagree with the proposal. She believes that, firstly, the university could request students to walk their bicycles instead of imposing fines, as students are generally responsible. The second reason is that it would require campus security to constantly monitor bicycles, which would be a waste of resources. Furthermore, students dislike such mandatory fines.
6.思维导图
-
Meeting Materials
- Announcement
- Ban bicycles
- Center of campus
- Reasons
- Narrow sidewalks
- Unsafe for students walking
- Proposed solution
- Fines for violations
- Announcement
-
Students' Disagreement
- Alternative solution
- Request students to walk their bicycles
- Responsible students
- Issues with proposal
- Campus security monitoring bicycles
- Waste of resources
- Dislike of mandatory fines
- Campus security monitoring bicycles
- Alternative solution
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English definitions | Simplified Chinese translations | Sample sentences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| proposal | /prəˈpoʊ.zəl/ | noun | a plan or suggestion | 提议 | The students strongly disagree with the proposal to ban bicycles in the center of the campus. |
| violation | /ˌvaɪəˈleɪ.ʃən/ | noun | an action that breaks a rule or law | 违反 | The university believes that students should be fined for this violation. |
| impose | /ɪmˈpoʊz/ | verb | to force someone to accept something | 强加 | The university could request students to walk their bicycles instead of imposing fines. |
| monitor | /ˈmɑn.ɪ.t̬ɚ/ | verb | to watch and check a situation carefully | 监控 | It would require campus security to constantly monitor bicycles, which would be a waste of resources. |
| furthermore | /ˌfɝː.ðɚˈmɔːr/ | adverb | in addition; more importantly | 此外 | Furthermore, students dislike such mandatory fines. |
5User Sample #5
Score23
User Sample #5
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Topic Development: 3 Language Use: 3
2.预估分数
23. 3.表达
从表达方面来看,整体上说得还算清楚,但有些地方存在不太自然的停顿。建议在练习时注意语速的控制,尽量让发音更加准确。此外,可以多加练习,提高口语的流利度。
4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看,回答基本上涵盖了原文中的观点和理由。但在组织结构上可以更加清晰一些,例如先陈述男生的观点,然后再逐一解释他给出的理由。此外,在解释理由时可以尝试使用更多的连接词和过渡词,使得回答更加连贯。
5.语言使用Original: One student suggests that school should prohibit the behavior such as riding the bicycle on the campus due to the narrow sidewalks because it would pose a danger to students who are working on these sidewalks. The reading passage suggests that the school should prohibit riding bicycles on campus due to narrow sidewalks, as it poses a danger to students walking on them. (将原句中的“一个学生建议”改为“阅读部分建议”,使表述更准确。同时,简化句子结构,使其更自然。)
Original: Additionally, students would be fined if they continue to ride the bicycle on the campus. Furthermore, students who continue to ride bicycles on campus would be fined. (调整句子结构,使其更自然。)
Original: However, in the conversation part, the girl argues with this idea. However, in the conversation, the girl disagrees with this idea. (将“争论”改为“不同意”,使表述更准确。)
Original: She believes that students would be cautious while riding the bicycle. She believes that students will be cautious while riding bicycles. (将“自行车”改为复数形式,并将“会”改为“将”,使表述更自然。)
Original: The only actions school have to do is to install the sign promoting awareness. The only action required by the school is to install signs promoting awareness. (调整句子结构,使其更自然。)
Original: Every student would be responsible regarding these signs. All students would be responsible for adhering to these signs. (将“每个学生”改为“所有学生”,并调整表述,使其更自然。)
Original: Furthermore, if students were required to pay fines, additional security would be established, which is really a waste of time and resource since security has more important things. Moreover, if students were required to pay fines, additional security measures would be needed, which would be a waste of time and resources since security has more important tasks. (调整句子结构,使其更自然。)
Revised Answer (140 words):
The reading passage suggests that the school should prohibit riding bicycles on campus due to narrow sidewalks, as it poses a danger to students walking on them. Furthermore, students who continue to ride bicycles on campus would be fined. However, in the conversation, the girl disagrees with this idea. She believes that students will be cautious while riding bicycles. The only action required by the school is to install signs promoting awareness. All students would be responsible for adhering to these signs. Moreover, if students were required to pay fines, additional security measures would be needed, which would be a waste of time and resources since security has more important tasks.
6.思维导图
-
Reading passage
- Prohibit bicycles
- Narrow sidewalks
- Danger to students
- Fines
-
Conversation
- Girl disagrees
- Students cautious
- Install signs
- Responsibility
- Security measures
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English definitions | Simplified Chinese translations | Sample sentences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prohibit | /prəˈhɪbɪt/ | Verb | To formally forbid something by law, rule, or other authority. | 禁止 | The school should prohibit riding bicycles on narrow sidewalks to ensure students' safety. |
| Cautious | /ˈkɔːʃəs/ | Adjective | Careful to avoid potential problems or dangers. | 小心的,谨慎的 | Students will be cautious while riding bicycles, reducing the risk of accidents. |
| Awareness | /əˈwɛr.nəs/ | Noun | Knowledge or perception of a situation or fact. | 意识,认识 | Installing signs promoting awareness can help students understand the importance of walking their bikes. |
| Adhere | /ədˈhɪr/ | Verb | To stick fast to something; to follow closely and consistently. | 坚持,遵守 | All students should adhere to the rules and regulations set by the school for their own safety. |
| Security measures | /sɪˈkjʊrəti/ /ˈmɛʒər/ | Noun | Actions taken to ensure the safety or protection of people or property. | 安全措施 | Implementing security measures can help maintain a safe environment on campus. |
6User Sample #6
Score23
User Sample #6
Evaluation Result
1.子项得分
-
交付:3
-
主题发展:3
-
语言使用:3
2.预估分数
- 23
3.表达 回答中的表达大部分清晰流畅,但在某些地方存在一些不必要的停顿。建议练习更连贯、自然的语言表达,注意在适当的地方停顿,以提高整体表达效果。
4.话题发展 回答内容基本上符合题目要求,但在组织结构和论述方面还有待加强。建议在准备过程中先梳理好思路,确保论点之间的逻辑关系清晰,并尽量用具体的例子来支持观点。这样可以使回答更有说服力,提高话题发展得分。
5.语言使用Original Answer: One student suggests that school should inhibit the behavior like riding the bicycle through the campus because the sidewalks between buildings are pretty narrow. It's dangerous for students who are working through the sidewalks. Also students should pay for a fine if they still ride the bicycle through the campus. However, in the conversation part, the girl argues with this idea because she thinks that students would take care when they are riding the bicycle. The only thing that school have to do is to set the sign and act as awareness. Every student would be polite and responsible for this sign. Also, if students would be forced to pay the fine, which means many securities would be established and it's really a waste of time and resource because security have more important things to do in the campus.
Corrected Answer: One student suggests that schools should prohibit behaviors such as riding bicycles on campus because the sidewalks between buildings are quite narrow. This poses a danger to students who are walking on these sidewalks. Additionally, students should be fined if they continue to ride bicycles on campus. However, during their conversation, a girl disagrees with this idea, believing that students will exercise caution while riding bicycles. The only action schools need to take is to install signs promoting awareness. Students will likely be respectful and responsible regarding these signs. Furthermore, if students were required to pay fines, it would necessitate hiring additional security personnel, which would be a waste of time and resources since security has more important tasks on campus. (在修改后的答案中,我们使用了更高级的词汇,改正了语法错误,使句子更自然流畅,并在段落之间加入了平滑过渡。)
Revised Answer (140 words): One student suggests that schools should prohibit behaviors such as riding bicycles on campus due to the narrow sidewalks between buildings, which pose a danger to pedestrians. Additionally, students should be fined if they continue to ride bicycles on campus. However, during their conversation, a girl disagrees with this idea, believing that students will exercise caution while riding bicycles. She argues that schools only need to install signs promoting awareness, as students will likely be respectful and responsible regarding these signs. Furthermore, she contends that requiring students to pay fines would necessitate hiring additional security personnel, resulting in a waste of time and resources since security has more important tasks on campus.
6.思维导图
- Prohibit bicycles
- Narrow sidewalks
- Danger to pedestrians
- Fines
- Discourage riding on campus
- Disagreement
- Exercise caution
- Install signs for awareness
- Security personnel
- Waste of resources
- More important tasks on campus
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English Definition | Simplified Chinese Translation | Sample Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| prohibit | /prəˈhɪbɪt/ | verb | to formally forbid something by law, rule, or other authority | 禁止 | The university should prohibit bicycles on campus to ensure pedestrian safety. |
| narrow | /ˈnæroʊ/ | adjective | having a small width in relation to length; not wide | 狭窄的 | The narrow sidewalks between buildings make it difficult for pedestrians and cyclists to share the space safely. |
| caution | /ˈkɔːʃən/ | noun | care taken to avoid danger or mistakes | 小心,谨慎 | Students should exercise caution while riding bicycles on campus to avoid accidents. |
| awareness | /əˈwɛr.nəs/ | noun | knowledge or perception of a situation or fact | 意识 | Installing signs promoting awareness can help students be more responsible and respectful of others on campus. |
| security personnel | /sɪˈkjʊrəti pɜrˈsənəl/ | noun | people employed to maintain safety and order, such as guards or police officers | 安全人员 | Hiring additional security personnel to enforce bicycle fines would be a waste of resources on campus. |
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