TOEFL TPO 29 Writing Task 1 Sample: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passage.

1.子项得分 Task fulfillment: 2 Organization: 3 Coherence and Cohesion: 3 Language Use: 3

2.预估分数 Estimated Score: 17

3.任务完成度 任务完成度方面，你的文章没有准确回答问题。文章内容与题目要求不符，你需要总结听力中的观点，并解释它们是如何挑战阅读材料中的具体观点的。为了提高任务完成度，请确保仔细阅读题目要求，并根据题目要求组织文章内容。

Example 1: Instead of discussing T. rex, your essay should focus on the edmontosaur and its migration hypothesis as mentioned in the reading and listening passages.

Example 2: Your essay should include points from the listening passage that challenge the reading passage's arguments, such as how edmontosaurs could have survived on dead plant matter during winter or how living in herds does not necessarily mean they migrated.

4.文章结构与组织 In terms of organization, your essay has a clear structure with an introduction, body, and conclusion. However, the content is not aligned with the task requirements. To improve organization, make sure to follow the task instructions and focus on addressing the specific points made in both reading and listening passages.

Example 1: Begin your essay with an introduction that briefly summarizes the main points from both reading and listening passages related to edmontosaur migration hypothesis.

Example 2: Organize your body paragraphs by discussing each point from the listening passage that challenges a specific point made in the reading passage. Use clear transitions between ideas and paragraphs to improve coherence and cohesion.

5. 语法批改

The reading passage saysstates that the new discovery of T. rex may illustrate that T. rex remainsbones contain blood vessels, red blood cells, and collagen matrix. However, the professor presents that these constructionsstructures are skeptical. Firstly, the passage illustrates that bones of T. rex have many ranchingbranching channels which could contain vessels, and the finding aboutof a soft, flexible substance may represent this. On the contrary, the professor demonstrates that those hollows in the bones may be made by bacteriabacteria, and the soft, flexible organic substance is the trace of bacteria. In addition, the assumption from the passage ispassage assumes that spheres could be red blood cells because these spheres contain iron-iron, a material vital and dark red centerscenters, which are all characteristics of red blood cells. Nevertheless, this is also refuted by the fact in the lecture that fossils of some other animals have the same tissues, but these animals do not have red blood cells. These spheres may have some different use,functions, such as storing minerals. Finally, the passage saysstates that we find collagen in bones of T. rex, which is a mainT. rex bones, which is a major component of bone tissue. However, the professor disagreesdisagrees, stating that research shows that collagen could only remain 1300for 1,300 years. It is impossible to find collagen in over 70 millions70-million-year-old fossils because collagen could not last such long time. Therefore, collagen which werewas found in the fossils might have some recent sources. A common explanation is that collagen is from the skin of researchers who attach those bones.

Section Title: 6.文章修订

The reading passage presents a hypothesis that edmontosaurs, a type of dinosaur, migrated south during the harsh winter months in Alaska's North Slope. However, the lecture challenges this hypothesis by providing counterarguments.

Firstly, the reading passage claims that edmontosaurs must have migrated due to their plant-based diet and the lack of vegetation during the cold and dark North Slope winter. In contrast, the lecture explains that during summer months, warmer temperatures and constant sunlight created an abundance of vegetation. As a result, there would have been plenty of dead plant matter available for edmontosaurs to consume during winter months.

Secondly, the passage suggests that because many edmontosaur skeletons were found together at the same site, they lived in herds and migrated like modern-day caribou and buffalo. However, the lecture disputes this by stating that living in herds does not necessarily indicate migration. For example, Roosevelt elk live in herds for protection from predators but do not migrate.

Lastly, while the reading passage argues that edmontosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances due to their ability to run at high speeds, the lecture points out that juvenile edmontosaurs would not have been able to keep up with adult members of their herd. This would have slowed down migration considerably or forced the entire herd to remain in their original location to ensure survival for all members.

In conclusion, although the reading passage presents several arguments supporting edmontosaur migration during wintertime on Alaska's North Slope region, the lecture effectively challenges these points by providing alternative explanations and evidence. (260 words)

Revised essay: 7.文章批改

The reading passage says suggests that the new discovery of T. rex may illustrate that T. rex remains may indicate the presence of blood vessels, red blood cells, and a collagen matrix. However, the professor presents that these constructions argues that these findings are skeptical. questionable (reason: to better convey the professor's stance on the issue).

Firstly, the passage illustrates that describes how bones of T. rex have many ranching branching channels which could contain vessels, and the finding about that the discovery of a soft, flexible substance may might represent this. On the contrary, other hand, the professor demonstrates explains that those hollows in the bones may be made could have been created by bacteria and that the soft, flexible organic substance is the trace of bacteria. actually evidence of bacterial activity (reason: to clarify what each side believes about the hollows in bones).

In addition, the assumption from the passage is assumes that spheres found within these remains could be red blood cells because these spheres they contain iron- a iron - a vital material vital - and dark red centers which are all characteristics characteristic of red blood cells. Nevertheless, this is also idea is refuted by the fact in information from the lecture stating that fossils of some other animals also have the these same tissues, tissues but these animals do not have possess red blood cells. These Instead, these spheres may have some serve a different use, purpose such as storing minerals. minerals (reason: to explain why both sides disagree on what these spheres represent).

Finally, while the passage says that we find collagen in claims that collagen was found in T. rex bones of T. rex, which and is a main component of bone tissue. However, tissue, the professor disagrees that based on research shows that collagen could showing that collagen can only remain intact for around 1300 years. It is would be impossible to find collagen in over 70 millions 70-million-year-old fossils because collagen it could not last such long time. an extended period (reason: to emphasize how unlikely it is for collagen to be present). Therefore, collagen which were found in the any collagen detected in these fossils might have some originated from more recent sources. A common explanation is that collagen is contamination from the researchers' skin of researchers who attach coming into contact with those bones.bones (reason: to provide an alternative explanation for finding collagen).

8. Mind Map

• Introduction

  • Reading passage: Edmontosaurs migrated south during winter
  • Lecture: Challenges this hypothesis

• Point 1: Diet and vegetation

  • Reading: Lack of vegetation in winter, plant-based diet
  • Lecture: Abundance of dead plant matter available in winter

• Point 2: Living in herds

  • Reading: Skeletons found together, similar to caribou and buffalo migration
  • Lecture: Herd living does not necessarily indicate migration (e.g., Roosevelt elk)

• Point 3: Physical capability for migration

  • Reading: Edmontosaurs could run at high speeds, suitable for long distances
  • Lecture: Juvenile edmontosaurs would slow down migration or force herd to stay put

• Conclusion

  • Lecture effectively challenges reading passage's arguments

9. Keywords