TOEFL TPO -1 Academic Discussion Writing Sample: Twenty years in the future, will people have more leisure time (free time) and less work than they have today?
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Professor
In 1930, a famous economist predicted that at the end of the twentieth century, an average worker would work only 15 hours a week, thanks to advances in technology. This did not happen, as we all know. Nonetheless, the balance between work time and free time remains an interesting question. So, let me ask you today: Twenty years in the future, will people have more leisure time (free time) and less work than they have today? Why, or why not?
Student A
I think it is likely that people will work shorter hours in twenty years than they do today. Our societies are becoming wealthier all the time. It does not seem necessary for people to continue working as hard as they do today. At some point, having more free time should be more important than creating more wealth.
Student B
I am not sure people will work less in the future. As Doctor Achebe wrote, a shortening of the workweek was predicted before. There are many factors that determine how long people work. Our economic system is very competitive. Workers are pushed to work longer and longer hours so that companies have a competitive advantage.
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I am convinced that the future trend will be less work time for every civic on the earth. My view is that technology and human belief and consciousness will be beneficial for common prosperity. For one thing, artificial intelligence has developed into quite a high level that never happened before so that it can substitute a lot of bored and exhausted work of human. For example, the technology of automatic self-service in supermarket does help reduce unnecessary work of human resources. For another thing, with the development of education and human consciousness, increasing human would dive into shorten working time to better improving welfare and leading people to explore their own spirit world. Typically, more and more human would clear legal labor rights and obligations and thus fight for themselves in the future in case of uneven social phenomenon.
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1. Sub Scores
Relevance and Contribution to Discussion: 4.0 Clarity and Elaboration of Viewpoint: 3.5 Language Use and Grammar: 3.5
2. Estimated Scores
Estimated Score: 22
3. Task completeness
The essay addresses the task by providing a clear viewpoint on the future of work and leisure time. However, it could be improved by providing more specific examples and details to support the argument. Additionally, the essay could benefit from a more in-depth analysis of opposing viewpoints.
Suggestions for improvement:
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Include more specific examples to support your argument, such as advancements in technology that will lead to reduced work hours.
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Address potential counterarguments or challenges to your viewpoint, demonstrating a deeper understanding of the topic.
Examples:
- "For instance, advancements in automation and robotics have already begun to replace manual labor jobs, leading to reduced work hours for many individuals."
- "However, some may argue that increased competition in the global market may push workers to maintain long hours despite technological advancements."
4. Essay structure and organization
The essay has a basic structure with an introduction, body, and conclusion. However, it could be improved by organizing each paragraph around a specific point with supporting details. Clear transitions between ideas and paragraphs should also be present.
Suggestions for improvement:
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Organize each paragraph around one main idea with supporting details.
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Use clear transitions between ideas and paragraphs to guide the reader through your argument.
Examples:
- "Firstly, artificial intelligence has developed significantly in recent years, allowing for automation of many tasks previously performed by humans."
- "On the other hand, some may argue that economic competition will continue to drive long work hours despite technological advancements."
5. Grammar
I am convinced that the future trend will be less work time for every civic on the earth. My view is that technology and human belief and consciousness will be beneficial for common prosperity. For one thing, artificial intelligence has developed into quite a high level that never happened before so that it can substitute a lot of bored and exhausted work of human. For example, the technology of automatic self-service in supermarket does help reduce unnecessary work of human resources. For[No Replacement Word Found](Successive sentences beginning with the same word) another thing, with the development of education and human consciousness, increasing human would dive into shorten working time to better improving welfare and leading people to explore their own spirit world. Typically, more and more human would clear legal labor rights and obligations and thus fight for themselves in the future in case of uneven social phenomenon.
Display title: 6 Revised Essay
In the coming decades, I firmly believe that individuals will experience a reduction in work hours and an increase in leisure time. This conviction stems from the rapid advancements in technology and the evolving values and priorities of society. To begin with, artificial intelligence has reached unprecedented heights, allowing for the automation of numerous mundane and labor-intensive tasks. For instance, self-service technologies in supermarkets have significantly reduced the need for human labor. Furthermore, as education and societal awareness progress, people are increasingly advocating for a better work-life balance to enhance their overall well-being and explore their inner selves. Consequently, a growing number of individuals are becoming more knowledgeable about their legal labor rights and obligations, empowering them to demand fairer working conditions and combat social inequalities in the future. (134 words)
In the coming decades, I am convinced firmly believe that the future trend individuals will be less experience a reduction in work hours and an increase in leisure time for every civic on the earth. My view is that (rephrased for clarity and conciseness). This conviction stems from the rapid advancements in technology and human belief and consciousness will be beneficial for common prosperity. For one thing, the evolving values and priorities of society (clarified the factors contributing to this belief). To begin with, artificial intelligence has developed into quite a high level that never happened before so that it can substitute a lot of bored and exhausted work of human. reached unprecedented heights (rephrased for emphasis), allowing for the automation of numerous mundane and labor-intensive tasks. For example, the technology of automatic instance, self-service in supermarket does help reduce unnecessary work of technologies in supermarkets have significantly reduced the need for human resources. For another thing, with the development of labor (provided a specific example to support the point). Furthermore, as education and human consciousness, increasing human would dive into shorten working time to societal awareness progress (clarified "human consciousness" as societal awareness), people are increasingly advocating for a better improving welfare and leading people to work-life balance to enhance their overall well-being and explore their own spirit world. Typically, inner selves (expanded on the benefits of shorter working hours). Consequently, a growing number of individuals are becoming more and more human would clear knowledgeable about their legal labor rights and obligations and thus fight for themselves (clarified "legal labor rights"), empowering them to demand fairer working conditions and combat social inequalities in the future in case of uneven social phenomenon.(explained how this knowledge will lead to positive change).
8 Mind Map
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Introduction
- Reduction in work hours
- Increase in leisure time
- Technology advancements
- Evolving societal values
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Artificial Intelligence
- Automation of tasks
- Self-service technologies
- Reduced need for human labor
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Education and Societal Awareness
- Advocacy for work-life balance
- Enhanced well-being and self-exploration
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Legal Labor Rights and Obligations
- Empowerment of individuals
- Fairer working conditions
- Combating social inequalities
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Conclusion
- Future prospects of reduced work hours and increased leisure time
9 Key Words
| Word | Phonetic Symbol | Part of Speech | English Definition | English Translation | Sample Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conviction | /kənˈvɪkʃən/ | Noun | A firmly held belief or opinion | Conviction | This conviction stems from the rapid advancements in technology and the evolving values and priorities of society. |
| Unprecedented | /ʌnˈprɛsɪdɛntɪd/ | Adjective | Never done or known before | Unprecedented | Artificial intelligence has reached unprecedented heights, allowing for the automation of numerous mundane tasks. |
| Mundane | /mʌnˈdeɪn/ | Adjective | Lacking interest or excitement; dull | Mundane | Automation has replaced numerous mundane tasks, allowing people to focus on more creative pursuits. |
| Advocating | /ˈædvəkeɪtɪŋ/ | Verb | /Publicly recommend or support | Advocating | People are increasingly advocating for a better work-life balance to enhance their overall well-being. |
| Well-being | /ˈwɛlbiɪŋ/ | Noun | The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy | Well-being | A better work-life balance can lead to improved well-being and personal satisfaction. |
| Empowerment | /ɪmˈpaʊərmənt/ | Noun | The process of becoming stronger and more confident, especially in controlling one's life and claiming one's rights | Empowerment | Individuals are becoming more knowledgeable about their legal labor rights, leading to empowerment in the workplace. |
| Obligations | /ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃənz/ | Noun | An act or course of action to which a person is morally or legally bound; a duty or commitment | Obligations | Employees are now more aware of their legal labor obligations and rights, ensuring fairer working conditions. |
| Social Inequalities | /ˈsəʊʃəl ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪtiz/ | Noun | Differences in wealth, power, and status among individuals or groups within a society | Social Inequalities | A growing number of individuals are working to combat social inequalities in the future. |
6 Revised Essay
In the coming decades, I firmly believe that individuals will experience a reduction in work hours and an increase in leisure time. This conviction stems from the rapid advancements in technology and the evolving values and priorities of society. To begin with, artificial intelligence has reached unprecedented heights, allowing for the automation of numerous mundane tasks. For instance, self-service technologies in supermarkets have significantly reduced the need for human labor. Furthermore, as education and societal awareness progress, people are increasingly advocating for a better work-life balance to enhance their overall well-being and explore their inner selves. Consequently, a growing number of individuals are becoming more knowledgeable about their legal labor rights and obligations, empowering them to demand fairer working conditions and combat social inequalities in the future.
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